Published

2015-09-01

Agroecology: scientific and technological challenges for agriculture in the 21st century in Latin America

Agroecología: retos científicos y tecnológicos para la agricultura del siglo XXI en América Latina

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v33n3.52416

Keywords:

natural resources, ecological balance, sustainability, socioeconomic development, livelihood diversification, less favoured areas (en)
recursos natura les, equilibrio ecológico, sostenibilidad, desarrollo socio-económico, diversificación de medios de vida, zonas en desarrollo (es)

Authors

  • Heliodoro Argüello A. Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá - Faculty of Agricultural Sciences - Department of Rural Development
In the first section of this article, an analysis is presented of the evolution of agroecology as a scientific discipline starting with its establishment in the third decade of the twentieth century and with an emphasis on the contributions of the different disciplines as well as the local knowledge and the most significant theoretical developments since its inception. Agroecology as a science has been emerging incrementally through knowledge obtained from disciplinary contributions although it is distinguished from its parent disciplines through the integration of these disciplines and work that occurs across scales. Such research leads to a broader understanding of the associated problems and their solutions, which are characterized by an integrative approach in which disciplinary information is collected and processed to resolve problems on greater scales. The second part of the article starts by establishing five challenges of agriculture in Latin America that can be significantly improved through contributions from agroecological science. These challenges could be achieved by taking into account agroecology as a science, practice and social movement; where the agroecology as a practice will act as a functional interface to the others. To achieve these challenges, five main topics have emerged including the reductionism or holistic research approach, the scale of the planning and analysis unit, concretizing discussions on sustainability, quality management and producers organization strengthening; each of these topics is discussed.
En su primera parte se realiza un análisis de la evolución de la agroecología, como disciplina científica, desde sus inicios en la tercera década del siglo XX; enfatizando los aportes de las diferentes disciplinas así como del conocimiento local y los desarrollos teóricos más importantes desde su misma definición. La ciencia agroecológica ha venido emergiendo paso a paso, nutriéndose de los aportes disciplinarios pero distinguiéndose de sus disciplinas parentales por su integración entre estas disciplinas y a través de escalas, dando lugar a un conocimiento de los problemas y a una oferta de soluciones a los mismos caracterizados por un enfoque integrador, donde la información disciplinaria es colectada y procesada para resolver problemas a más altas escalas. La segunda parte de este artículo establece cinco retos de la agricultura en Latinoamérica que pueden ser mejorados significativamente a través de las contribuciones desde la agroecología como ciencia. Estos retos podrían ser alcanzados tomando en cuenta la agroecología como ciencia, práctica y movimiento social; donde la agroecología como práctica actúa como una interfaz funcional para las otras dos. Para alcanzar los retos mencionados emergen cinco tópicos que incluyen el enfoque reduccionista u holístico en la investigación, la escala de la unidad de planeación y análisis, concretar las discusiones en sostenibilidad, manejo y gestión de la calidad y fortalecimiento organizacional de los productores. Cada uno de los tópicos mencionados es discutido.

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Argüello A., H. (2015). Agroecology: scientific and technological challenges for agriculture in the 21st century in Latin America. Agronomía Colombiana, 33(3), 391-398. https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v33n3.52416