Published

2016-01-01

Degradation and thermodynamic adsorption process of carbofuran and oxadicyl in a Colombian agricultural soil profile

Degradación y termodinámica del proceso de adsorción del carbofurano y oxadicil en un perfil de suelo agrícola de Colombia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v34n1.53325

Keywords:

pesticide persistence, soil pollution, sorption, chemical degradation, forecasting. (en)
persistencia de los plaguicidas, contaminación del suelo, sorción, degradación química, técnicas de predicción (es)

Authors

  • Carmen S. Mosquera-Vivas Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá - Faculty of Sciences - Department of Chemistry
  • Nelson Obregon-Neira Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá - Faculty of Engineering - Department of Civil and Agricultural Engineering
  • Raúl E. Celiss-Ossa Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá - Faculty of Engineering - Department of Civil and Agricultural Engineering
  • Jairo A. Guerrero-Dallos Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá - Faculty of Sciences - Department of Chemistry
  • Carlos A. González-Murillo Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá - Faculty of Engineering - Department of Civil and Agricultural Engineering
Carbofuran and oxadixyl pesticides are used in Colombia to control pests and fungi, but their mobility through the soil profile is poorly understood. This study showed degradation and adsorption processes of these compounds in a Melanudands soil (0-100 cm) from Colombia using laboratory incubation and the batch equilibrium methods. First-order kinetic models indicated that the degradation rates of carbofuran (0.013-0.006 day-1) and oxadixyl (0.013-0.008 day-1) decreased at deeper soil layers, suggesting that the pesticides were more persistent in the sub-surface (60-100 cm) than in the surface layers (0-40 cm). The thermodynamic approach showed that the adsorption of both pesticides was similar, an exothermic and spontaneous process. The carbofuran and oxadixyl coefficient of distribution (5.8-0.3 L kg-1) and the percentage of adsorption (71.2-11.3%) were very similar in the surface layers (0-40 cm) and decreased with the soil depth. The organic carbon (OC) and clay content showed a positive correlation with the pesticide adsorption throughout the soil profile; therefore, mathematical equations were developed from multiple linear regression models for these soil properties and initial concentration. The equations were important to the estimation of the mobility of the compounds using leaching models under laboratory and field conditions.

El carbofurano y oxadicil se aplican en diferentes cultivos en Colombia, pero su transporte a través del perfil del suelo se ha estudiado muy poco. Se evaluó la degradación y la adsorción de ambos plaguicidas en un suelo Melanudands (0-100 cm) mediante el método indirecto e incubaciones bajo condiciones de laboratorio. Las tasas de degradación del carbofurano (0,013- 0,006 día-1) y oxadicil (0,013-0,008 día-1) disminuyeron en las capas más profundas del perfil; lo cual indica que los plaguicidas fueron más persistentes en las capas sub-superficiales (60- 100 cm) que en las capas superficiales (0-40 cm). La adsorción fue un proceso exotérmico y espontáneo. Los coeficientes de distribución (5,8-0,3 L kg-1) y los porcentajes de adsorción (71,2-11,3%) de ambos plaguicidas fueron muy similares en los primeros 40 cm y disminuyeron con la profundidad. Con modelos de regresión lineal múltiple entre la adsorción de los plaguicidas y el contenido de carbón orgánico (CO), las arcillas y la concentración inicial, se obtuvieron ecuaciones matemáticas, las cuales muestran como el CO y las arcillas controlan el transporte de ambos pesticidas a través del perfil. Estas ecuaciones son útiles para estimar el transporte del carbofurano y oxadicil en el suelo.

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Mosquera-Vivas, C. S., Obregon-Neira, N., Celiss-Ossa, R. E., Guerrero-Dallos, J. A., & González-Murillo, C. A. (2016). Degradation and thermodynamic adsorption process of carbofuran and oxadicyl in a Colombian agricultural soil profile. Agronomía Colombiana, 34(1), 92-100. https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v34n1.53325