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Physiological effects of Acmella ciliata essential oil on root development of Nicotiana tabacum
Efectos fisiológicos del aceite esencial de Acmella ciliata sobre el desarrollo radical de Nicotiana tabacum
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n3.54584Keywords:
alkamides, root elongation, root hairs, bioactivity (en)alcamidas, elongación radical, pelos radicales, bioactividad (es)
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In this study, the essential oil of Acmella ciliata, characterized by the presence of significant amounts of spilanthol, α-phellandrene epoxide, and carvotanacetone, was assessed for its influence on the growth of Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi, with the focus primarily on root hair density and primary root length. Following its extraction through microwave-assisted hydrodistillation, the oil was stored at 4°C in amber vials, distinguishable by its unique yellowish-reddish hue, with a refractive index of 1.3478 and a density of 0.847 g cm-3. Among the various dilutions evaluated, the undiluted oil (T3) and the dilution 1.5:0.5 (Oil:EtOH) (T6) demonstrated the most prominent effects. The T3 and T6 treatments markedly enhanced root hair numbers, with T6 additionally promoving root length compared to other treatments. Considering the presence of bioactive alkamides such as spilanthol in the oil, these compounds may have contributed to the observed root growth modulation. When compared against the positive control, affinin, Acmella ciliata essential oil displayed a more pronounced effect on root hair proliferation, while affinin predominantly boosted primary root elongation. The findings highlight the differential effects of the essential oil on specific plant growth parameters.
En esta investigación, el aceite esencial de Acmella ciliata, caracterizado por la presencia de compuestos significativos como el espilantol, el epóxido de α-felandreno y la carvotanacetona, fue evaluado por su influencia en el crecimiento de Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi, centrándose principalmente sobre la densidad de pelos radicales y la longitud de la raíz primaria. Luego de la extracción mediante hidrodestilación asistida por microondas, el aceite se almacenó a 4°C en viales de ámbar y se distinguió por su único matiz amarillo rojizo, con un índice de refracción de 1.3478 y una densidad de 0.847 g cm-3. Entre las diversas diluciones evaluadas, el aceite sin diluir (T3) y la dilución 1.5:0.5 (Aceite:EtOH) (T6) demostraron los efectos más prominentes. Los tratamientos T3 y T6 aumentaron notablemente el número de pelos radicales, con T6 además promoviendo la longitud de la raíz de manera comparable a otros tratamientos. Considerando la presencia detectada de alcamidas bioactivas como el espilantol en el aceite esencial, es plausible que contribuyeran a la modulación observada del crecimiento de la raíz. En comparación con el control positivo, afinina, el aceite esencial de Acmella ciliata mostró un efecto más pronunciado en la proliferación de pelos radiculares, mientras que la afinina impulsó predominantemente la elongación de la raíz primaria. Los hallazgos destacan los efectos diferenciales del aceite esencial en parámetros específicos del crecimiento vegetal.
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