Published

2016-05-01

Growth and phenology of three Andean potato varieties (Solanum tuberosum L.) under water stress

Crecimiento y fenología de tres variedades andinas de papa (Solanum tuberosum L.) en estrés hídrico

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v34n2.55279

Keywords:

drought, plant development, stress escape, growing degree-day. (en)
Sequía, estados de desarrollo, escape, grados calor (es)

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Authors

  • Loyla Rodríguez P. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana - Facultad de Ciencias - Departamento de Biología https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3537-3416
  • Danny Sanjuanelo C. Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales (UDCA) - Faculty of Sciences
  • Carlos Eduardo Ñústez L. Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá - Faculty of Agricultural Sciences - Department of Agronomy
  • Liz Patricia Moreno-Fonseca Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá - Faculty of Agricultural Sciences - Department of Agronomy
The water-deficit stress has a negative effect on the growth and development of plants, reducing the yield of crops. This study evaluated the effect of a water deficit on the growth and phenology of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) varieties Diacol Capiro, Pastusa Suprema and Esmeralda. Plants that were starting tuberization were subjected to a water deficit by suspension of irrigation until reaching a foliar water potential of -2.0 MPa; later the plants were re-irrigated and recovered. The water deficit decreased the flowering time in 'Diacol Capiro', the development of leaves and maturation of fruits in 'Esmeralda' and the development of leaves and formation of lateral shoots in 'Pastusa Suprema'. In the three varieties, the water deficit did not induce a significant reduction in the stem length, the number of leaves per stem and per site or the number of main stems per site. The plants demonstrated responses related to escape and evasion mechanisms during the water deficit through the adjustment of the metabolism in order to reduce the duration of the phenological stages. The duration of the biological cycle for the three varieties was 148 days, with a requirement of 1,850 GDD. There were no differences in the potential yield, probably due to the short duration of the stress period. The three varieties demonstrated plasticity when modifying the phenology in response to the drought period.

La sequía en el suelo es un factor ambiental que modifica la fenología, el crecimiento y la productividad de los cultivos. Este estudio evaluó el efecto del déficit hídrico sobre el crecimiento y desarrollo de variedades de papa (Solanum tuberosum L.) Diacol Capiro, Pastusa Suprema y Esmeralda. Las plantas en la inducción de la tuberización, se sometieron a estrés hídrico por suspensión del riego hasta alcanzar un potencial hídrico foliar de -2,0 MPa; las plantas se regaron de nuevo y se recuperaron. El déficit hídrico redujo el tiempo de floración de 'Diacol Capiro', el desarrollo de hojas y la maduración del fruto en 'Esmeralda' y el desarrollo de hojas y formación de brotes laterales en 'Pastusa Suprema'. En las tres variedades, el déficit hídrico no indujo una reducción significativa en la longitud del tallo, el número de hojas por tallo y por sitio o el número de tallos principales por sitio. Las variedades mostraron respuestas relacionadas con el mecanismo de escape o evitación del periodo de déficit hídrico mediante la acomodación del metabolismo para acortar la duración de los estadios fenológicos. La duración del ciclo biológico para las tres variedades fue de 148 días, con un requerimiento de 1,850 GDD. No hubo diferencias en el rendimiento potencial, probablemente debido a la corta duración del período de estrés. Las tres variedades demostraron plasticidad al modificar la fenología en respuesta al periodo de sequía.

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Rodríguez P., L., Sanjuanelo C., D., Ñústez L., C. E., & Moreno-Fonseca, L. P. (2016). Growth and phenology of three Andean potato varieties (Solanum tuberosum L.) under water stress. Agronomía Colombiana, 34(2), 141-154. https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v34n2.55279

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