Published

2017-01-01

Effect of Eucalyptus globullus biochar addition on the availability of phosphorus in acidic soil

Efecto de la adición de biocarbonizados de Eucalyptus globullus en la disponibilidad de fósforo en suelos ácidos María Jo

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v35n1.58671

Keywords:

Biochar amendment, phosphate fertilizers, agricultural soils, desorption, sorption, incubation (en)
Enmiendas con biocarbonizados, fertilizantes fosfatados, suelos agrícolas, desorción, adsorción, incubación (es)

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Authors

  • María José Martínez C. Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá - Faculty of Sciences - Department of Chemistry
  • Julio César España A. Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá - Faculty of Sciences - Department of Chemistry
  • José De Jesus Diaz V. Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá - Faculty of Sciences - Department of Chemistry

Phosphorus (P) is one of the primary nutrients limiting crop production. The application of phosphate fertilizers in acidic soils leads to the formation of secondary insoluble compounds that reduces the effectiveness of the fertilizer. The addition of biochar may represent a solution to the problem of nutrients bioavailability, especially P. In this study, tests were performed to determine the effects of amending soil with five different percentages of biochar (0, 5, 10, 20, and 35% w/w) on the phenomena of P sorption and desorption. The effect of soil/ biochar contact treatments on P availability was also examined. Phosphorus sorption was lower in the soils containing biochar compared to normal soil. The accumulated desorption quantity after eight consecutive extractions was 85% higher when 35% biochar was added to the soil than soil alone. Moreover, the application of 35% biochar increased the concentration of soluble P up to 38% after 30 days of incubation. Based on these results, we deduced that biochar induces changes in P retention soil properties that may be beneficial for agricultural soils.

El fósforo (P) es uno de los principales nutrientes que limita el crecimiento de los cultivos. La aplicación de fertilizantes fosfatados en los suelos ácidos deriva en la formación de compuestos secundarios insolubles, que disminuyen la eficiencia del fertilizante. La adición de biocarbonizados, puede ser una solución al problema de disponibilidad de nutrientes, especialmente de fósforo. En este estudio se realizaron ensayos para determinar el efecto de un suelo enmendado con cinco niveles de biocarbonizado (0, 5, 10, 20 y 35% p/p) sobre los fenómenos de adsorción y desorción de P. También se evaluó el efecto del tiempo de contacto de las mezclas suelo/biocarbonizado sobre la disponibilidad de P. Se encontró que la adsorción es menor en suelos que contienen carbonizados frente al suelo sin tratamientos. La cantidad desorbida acumulada, después de ocho extracciones consecutivas fue 85% superior cuando se agregó biocarbonizado en 35% p/p. Además, la aplicación de biocarbonizados aumentó la concentración de P soluble hasta 38% después de 30 días de incubación cuando se añade 35% p/p. Los resultados muestran que los biocarbonizados inducen cambios en las propiedades de retención de fósforo del suelo que pueden ser benéficas para los suelos agrícolas.

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