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Virus diagnosis in tree tomato (Solanum betaceum Cav.) by RT-PCR and transmission electrón microscopy in Pichincha and Tungurahua Provinces of Ecuador
Diagnosis de virus en tomate de árbol (Solanum betaceum Cav.) mediante RT-PCR y microscopía electrónica de transmisión en Pichincha y Tungurahua Provincias de Ecuador
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v35n1.60960Keywords:
Potyvirus, ToMV, leaf deformation, chlorosis (en)Potyvirus, ToMV, deformación foliar, clorosis (es)
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Tree tomato (Solanum betaceum Cav.) is an economically important fruit crop in Ecuador. The symptoms of higher virus-related incidence in plantations located in Pichincha and Tungurahua correspond to yellowing, mosaic, leaf deformation and blistering. This research carried out a diagnosis of the viruses present in these production areas using molecular techniques (RT-PCR) and electron microscopy. The identified viruses belonged to the genera Potyvirus (Potato virus Y; PVY), Polerovirus (Potato leaf roll virus; PLRV) and Tobamovirus (Tomato mosaic virus;ToMV), constituting a viral complex of at least two of the three viruses found. The symptomatology related to PVY was spots with tan or oily appearance and leaf deformation; in addition to these symptoms, yellowing and chlorosis were related to PLRV. Foliar blistering was related to the occurrence of the three viruses. The results indicated the presence of the three viruses in Tumbaco (Pichincha) and two (PLRV and PVY) in Pelileo (Tungurahua). PLRV was found in the 100% of the total samples, PVY in 50% of the Pelileo's samples and ToMV only in Tumbaco. ToMV virus has been detected for the first time infecting tree tomato in Ecuador.
Tomate de árbol (Solanum betaceum Cav.) es un frutal de importancia económica en Ecuador. La sintomatología relacionada con alta incidencia de virus en plantaciones localizadas en Pichincha y Tungurahua corresponde a amarillamiento, mosaicos, deformación foliar y ampollamiento. Este estudio realizó un diagnóstico de virus presentes en estas zonas de producción utilizando técnicas moleculares (RT-PCR) y microscopía electrónica). Los virus identificados correspondieron a los
géneros Potyvirus (Virus Y de la papa; PVY), Polerovirus (Virus del enrollamiento de la papa; PLRV) and Tobamovirus (Virus del mosaico del tomate; ToMV), constituyendo un complejo viral de al menos dos de los tres virus identificados. La sintomatología relacionada a la presencia de PVY fue manchas de apariencia aceitosa y deformación de la hoja; adicionalmente a estos síntomas, amarillamiento y clorosis estuvo relacionado con PLRV. Ampollamiento de las hojas estuvo relacionado con la existencia de los tres virus. Los resultados indicaron la presencia de los tres virus en Tumbaco (Pichincha) y dos (PLRV y PVY) en Pelileo (Tungurahua). PLRV fue encontrado en el 100% del total de muestras analizadas, PVY en 50% de las muestras en Pelileo y ToMV solo en Tumbaco. Se ha detectado por primera vez el virus ToMV infectando tomate de árbol en Ecuador.
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