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Agronomic evaluation and clonal selection of ginger genotypes (Zingiber officinale Roseoe) in Brazil
Evaluación agronómica y selección clonal de genotipos de jengibre (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) en Brasil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v35n3.62454Keywords:
agronomic performance, germplasm, genetic parameters, selection, phenotypic variability (en)desempeño agronómico, germoplasma, parámetros genéticos, selección, variabilidad fenotípica (es)
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The analysis of the genetic diversity of ginger based on agronomic traits is essential to know its performance and to design breeding programs. In this study, we analyzed the phenotypic variability of 61 accessions of the ginger germplasm collection of the "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture at the University of Sao Paulo (ESALQ/USP) in a complete randomized block design with four replications. An analysis of variance test was performed and genetic parameters such as heritability, genetic variance, environmental variance, genetic-environmental variation ratio (CVg/CVe) and genetic correlations were estimated. There were highly significant differences (P≤0.01) among the accessions for all the agronomic traits analyzed. The CVg/CVe ratio (>1), along with the high heritability (>80%), showed a significant contribution of genetic factors on the phenotypic expression of plant height, rhizome thickness and yield traits, favoring the clonal selection of genotypes. Accessions Gen-29, Gen-29, Gen-32, Gen-36, Gen-37, Gen-40, Gen-41, Gen-42, Gen-50 were selected due to the best agronomic performance when compared to the rest of the germplasm. The results obtained may be useful in future breeding programs in Brazil.
El análisis de la variabilidad genética del jengibre (Zingiber officinale) con base en características de importancia agronómica es esencial para conocer su potencial productivo y direccionar correctamente programas de mejoramiento genético. Este estudio evaluó la variabilidad fenotípica de 61 accesiones del banco de germoplasma de jengibre de la Escuela Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz/Universidad de Sao Paulo (ESALQ/USP), utilizándose un diseño experimental de bloques completos al azar (BCA) con cuatro repeticiones. Para orientar el proceso de selección se realizó un análisis de varianza y se estimaron algunos parámetros genéticos tales como heredabilidad, varianza genética, varianza ambiental, relación entre el coeficiente de variación genético y ambiental (CVg/CVe) y correlaciones genéticas. Se presentaron diferencias altamente significativas (P≤0,001) entre las accesiones para todas las características agronómicas analizadas; la relación CVg/Cve (>1), en conjunto con la alta heredabilidad (>80%), mostró que hubo una importante contribución de los factores genéticos en la expresión fenotípica de los caracteres altura de planta, espesor del rizoma y rendimiento, favoreciendo la selección clonal de genotipos. Las accesiones Gen-05, Gen-29, Gen-31, Gen-32, Gen-36, Gen-37, Gen-40, Gen-41, Gen-42, Gen-43, Gen-44 y Gen-50 fueron seleccionadas por presentar el mejor desempeño agronómico al ser comparadas con el resto del germoplasma. Los resultados obtenidos en este estudio podrán ser útiles en futuros programas de mejoramiento genético y promoverán la producción de este cultivo en Brasil.
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