Can Amplicephalus funzaensis Linnavuori 1968 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) transmit phytoplasmas to strawberry?
¿Puede Amplicephalus funzaensis Linnavuori 1968 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) transmitir fitoplasmas a fresa?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v38n1.78583Keywords:
insect vectors, DNA barcoding, cytochrome c oxidase, COI gene (en)insectos vectores, código de barras de ADN, citocromo c oxidasa, gen COI (es)
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Phytoplasmas are plant pathogenic bacteria of the class Mollicutes that lack cell walls, are restricted to the phloem of their plant hosts, are difficult to culture, and are transmitted by insect vectors. Phytoplasmas from 16SrI and 16SrVII groups have been associated with diseases in urban trees in the Bogota plateau and with potato and strawberry crops in Cundinamarca,
Colombia. The objective of this work was to evaluate if the vector Amplicephalus funzaensis (Hemipera: Cicadellidae) could transmit phytoplasmas to Fragaria x ananassa under semi-controlled conditions. A transmission assay on F. x ananassa var. Monterrey was performed with A. funzaensis from a population naturally infected with phytoplasmas, whose host was Cenchrus clandestinus. Seven months after herbivory by these insects, the plants did not show symptoms associated to phytoplasmas, even though more than one third of the insects used carried phytoplasmas. In total, 120 A. funzaensis individuals were tested for the presence of phytoplasmas by molecular methods; of these, 46 (38%) were positive for phytoplasmas, showing the existence of insect populations with a high number of individuals that are a potential source of inoculum for the pathogen transmission. Additionally, for the molecular identification of A. funzaensis, a DNA barcode was generated from the cyitochrome c oxidase (COI) gene.
Los fitoplasmas son bacterias patógenas de plantas de la clase Mollicutes que carecen de pared celular, están restringidas al floema de sus hospederos vegetales, son difícilmente cultivables y son transmitidos por insectos vectores. Fitoplasmas de los grupos 16SrI y 16SrVII se han asociado a enfermedades en árboles urbanos de la Sabana de Bogotá y en cultivos de fresa y papa de Cundinamarca, Colombia. El objetivo de este
trabajo fue evaluar si el conocido vector Amplicephalus funzaensis (Hemipera: Cicadellidae) podía transmitir fitoplasmas a fresa Fragaria x ananassa en condiciones semicontroladas. A. funzaensis, naturalmente infectados con fitoplasmas, cuyo hospedero era Cenchrus clandestinus se utilizaron para realizar ensayos de transmisión en plantas F. x ananassa var. Monterrey. Siete meses posteriores a la herbivoría por estos insectos, las plantas no presentaban síntomas asociados a fitoplasmas, a
pesar de que más de un tercio de estos insectos portaban fitoplasmas. En total, en este trabajo se evaluaron 120 individuos de A. funzaensis para la presencia de fitoplasmas por métodos moleculares; de estos, 46 (38%) fueron positivos para fitoplasmas, mostrando la existencia de poblaciones de insectos con un número alto de individuos que son fuente potencial
de inóculo para la transmisión del patógeno. Además, para la identificación molecular de A. funzaensis, se generó un código de barras de ADN a partir de una secuencia del gen citocromo c oxidasa (COI).
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