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Water potential in cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) plants subjected to different irrigation treatments and doses of calcium
Potencial hídrico en plantas de uchuva (Physalis peruviana L.) sometidas a diferentes regímenes de riego y dosis de calcio
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v37n3.79935Keywords:
Solanaceae, fertilization, water level, WUEi, consumptive use (en)solanácea, fertilización, lámina de riego, EUAr, uso consuntivo (es)
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nutrition in cape gooseberry crops with calcium to reduce the
cracking of fruits affects the water potential of the plants, the
present study was carried out using a randomized block design
with 12 treatments in a 4×3 factorial arrangement. The blocks
were the irrigation frequencies (4, 9 and 14 days apart). The
first factor was the irrigation coefficient (0.7, 0.9, 1.1 and 1.3 of
the evaporation tank of class A), and the second factor was the
calcium dose (0, 50 and 100 kg ha-1), representing 36 experimental units. Seed propagated cape gooseberries were transplanted in 20 L pots using peat moss as substrate. The water potential in the leaves (ψleaf) and stems (ψstem) was measured as well as the water consumption and irrigation water-use efficiency (WUEi) of the plants. The ψleaf and ψstem of the cape gooseberry plants presented a sinusoidal trend throughout the day. The water frequency of 4 days with an irrigation coefficient of 1.1 showed the highest values of ψleaf and ψstem. The ψstem and ψleaf reached the highest values at predawn (4 am) as a result of the low vapor pressure deficit (VPD) levels that occurred at that time and reached their lowest point in the midday hours. The irrigation coefficient of 1.1 had the second largest WUEi and, thus, represented the water level most suitable for growing cape gooseberry since it generated the largest number of big fruits and the smallest percentage of cracked fruits.
nutrición con calcio que se le da al cultivo de uchuva para disminuir el rajado de los frutos afecta el potencial hídrico de la
planta, se llevó a cabo el presente trabajo, en donde se empleó un diseño en bloques al azar con 12 tratamientos en arreglo factorial de 4×3. Los bloques fueron las frecuencias de riego (4, 9 y 14 días distanciadas). El primer factor fue la lámina de riego (0.7; 0.9; 1.1 y 1.3 de la evaporación del tanque clase A) y el segundo la dosis de calcio (0, 50 y 100 kg ha-1), lo que representó 36 unidades experimentales. Las uchuvas propagadas por semilla se trasplantaron en materas de 20 L usando turba rubia como sustrato. Se determinó el potencial hídrico en hojas (ψhoja) y tallos (ψtallo), así como el consumo de agua y la eficiencia en el uso del agua de riego (EUAr) por parte de las plantas de uchuva. El ψhoja y el ψtallo en las plantas presentó una tendencia sinusoidal a lo largo del día. La frecuencia de riego de 4 días con una lámina de riego de 1.1 mostró los valores más altos de ψhoja y ψtallo. Los ψhoja y ψtallo alcanzaron los valores más altos al alba (4 a.m.) producto de los bajos niveles en el déficit de presión de vapor (DPV) existentes a esa hora, y llegaron a su punto más bajo en las horas del mediodía. La lámina de riego de 1.1 presentó la segunda mayor EUAr, y es la lámina de riego más adecuada para el cultivo de uchuva pues generó la mayor cantidad de frutos de tamaño grande y menores porcentajes de rajado de frutos.
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