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Effect of gibberellic acid-3 and 6-benzylaminopurine on dormancy and sprouting of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers cv. Diacol Capiro
Efecto del ácido giberélico-3 y 6-bencilaminopurina sobre el reposo y brotación de tubérculos de papa (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivar Diacol Capíro
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v38n2.82231Keywords:
tuber potato seed, cytokinins, gibberellins, growth regulators, sprouts (en)tubérculo semilla de papa, citoquininas, giberelinas, reguladores de crecimiento, brotes (es)
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The duration of the dormancy period in tubers is a determining factor in the planning of potato planting and production. The effect of two plant growth regulators on the dormancy period and sprouting of cv. Diacol Capiro tubers was evaluated in this study. The experiment was carried out under storage conditions (15°C and 75% RH) using a completely randomized block design with 3×3×3 factorial arrangement. The factors were: gibberellic acid-3 (GA3) and 6-benzylaminopurine (6BAP) (0, 25, and 50 mg L-1) and the immersion time (iT) (10, 60, and 120 min). The application of GA3 and iT had an effect on dormancy breakage; the treatments with 25 mg L-1 GA3 and 60 min of immersion were enough to reduce dormancy by 18 d (35%) compared to untreated tubers. The factor GA3 increased tuber weight loss (10.2%), generated sprouts with higher weight (25.6-28.4%), higher length growth rate (42.3%), and lower dry matter content (21.8-28.4%), and it increased secondary sprouting (36.2-57.9%) in comparison with untreated tubers. This way, despite the treatments with 25 mg L-1 GA3 reduced the dormancy period, this dose generated sprouts more susceptible to mechanical damage. The treatments with 6BAP did not significantly affect the evaluated variables.
La duración del periodo de reposo en tubérculos es un factor determinante en la planeación de las siembras y la producción de papa. En este estudio se evaluó el efecto de dos reguladores de crecimiento sobre el periodo de reposo y la brotación de tubérculos de papa cultivar Diacol Capíro. El experimento se realizó en condiciones de almacenamiento (15°C y 75% HR)
con un diseño de bloques completamente al azar en arreglo factorial 3×3×3. Los factores fueron: ácido giberélico-3 (AG3) y 6-bencilaminopurina (6BAP) (0, 25 y 50 mg L-1) y el tiempo de inmersión (Ti) (10, 60 y 120 min). La aplicación de AG3 y Ti tuvo efecto en interrumpir el periodo de reposo y tratamientos con 25 mg L-1 de AG3 y 60 min de inmersión fueron suficientes para disminuir el reposo en 18 días (35%) con respecto a los tubérculos no tratados. El factor AG3 aumentó la pérdida de peso de los tubérculos (10.2%), generó brotes de mayor peso (25.6- 28.4%), con mayor tasa de crecimiento en longitud (42.3%), con menor contenido de masa seca (21.8-28.4%) y aumentó la brotación secundaria (36.2-57.9%) con respecto a tubérculos no tratados. De esta forma, a pesar de que los tratamientos con 25 mg L-1de AG3 redujeron el periodo de reposo, esta dosis generó brotes más susceptibles al daño mecánico. Los tratamientos con 6BAP no afectaron significativamente las variables evaluadas.
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