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Effects of pre-sowing treatments with allelopathic plant extracts on tree tomato (Solanum betaceum Cav.) seedling emergence and performance
Efectos de tratamientos previos a la siembra con extractos de plantas alelopáticas sobre la emergencia y el rendimiento de plántulas de tomate de árbol (Solanum betaceum Cav.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v38n2.84373Keywords:
organic treatment, tamarillo seedlings, stimulatory effect, allelochemicals (en)tratamiento orgánico, plántulas de tamarillo, efecto estimulante, aleloquímicos (es)
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Seeds of the tree tomato (Solanum betaceum Cav.) were treated with allelopathic plant extracts: ferula gum (FER, 0.2 g gum L-1, 25°C, 24 h), lantana petal extract (LAN, 4 g dried petal L-1, 25°C, 24 h) and marigold petal extract (TAG, 4 g dried petal L-1, 25°C, 24 h) along with an untreated control to determine the effect of these extracts on seedling emergence and performance. The pre-sowing influence of the allelopathic extracts (FER, LAN and TAG) on the emergence percentage (%), mean emergence time (days), emergence index, coefficient of velocity of emergence (%), seedling length (cm), seedling fresh weight (mg), seedling dry weight (mg), and stimulatory allelopathic index (%) was investigated in tree tomato seeds. The results revealed that pre-sowing treatment with the studied allelopathic plant extracts showed higher seedling emergence and performance. The greatest advantage of the pre-sowing treatment was observed in the TAG treatment. Allelopathic TAG treatment resulted in 15% higher seedling emergence rates, 3.3 d faster mean emergence time, 153 mg heavier seedling weights, and higher emergence index compared to untreated seeds. In addition, the effect of allelopathic FER and LAN treatments was better than the control.
Las semillas de tomate de árbol (Solanum betaceum Cav.) fueron tratadas con extractos de plantas alelopáticas: resina de férula (FER, 0.2 g de resina L-1, 25°C, 24 h), extracto de pétalos lantana (LAN, 4 g de pétalos secos L-1, 25°C, 24 h) y extracto de pétalos caléndula (TAG, 4 g de pétalos secos L-1, 25°C, 24 h) junto con un control sin tratamiento para determinar el efecto de estos extractos sobre la emergencia y desempeño de las plántulas. Se estudiaron la influencia previa a la siembra de los extractos alelopáticos (FER, LAN y TAG) sobre el porcentaje de emergencia (%), tiempo medio de emergencia (días), índice de emergencia, coeficiente de velocidad de emergencia (%), altura de la plántula (cm), peso fresco de la plántula (mg), peso seco de la plántula (mg) e índice alelopático estimulante (%) en semillas de tomate de árbol. Los resultados revelaron que el tratamiento previo a la siembra con los extractos de plantas alelopáticas estudiados mostró una mayor emergencia y rendimiento de las plántulas. La mayor ventaja del tratamiento previo a la siembra se observó en el tratamiento con TAG. El tratamiento con TAG alelopático dio como resultado tasas de emergencia de plántulas 15% más altas, tiempo de emergencia promedio 3.3 d más rápido, pesos de plántulas 153 mg superiores e índice de emergencia más alto con respecto a las semillas no tratadas. Además, el tratamiento alelopático de FER y LAN fue mejor que el control.
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