Gene action and heritability in bi-parental crosses of sunflower
Acción genética y heredabilidad en cruces biparentales de girasol
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v38n3.84472Keywords:
North Carolina Design-III, average degree of dominance, selection criteria, cluster (en)diseño de Carolina del Norte-III, grado promedio de dominancia, criterios de selección, agrupamiento (es)
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A field experiment was conducted in the contrasting locations of Kafr-El-Hamam/Sharkia and Al-Arish/North Sinai agricultural research stations of the Agricultural Research Center in Egypt. We estimated the additive and dominance genetic variances, as well as heritability in the broad and narrow senses for sunflower yield and its attributes in the cross L350 x L355 using North Carolina Design-III. The magnitude of the additive variances for all studied traits at both locations in proportion to the phenotypic variances was larger than the dominance variances. The average degree of dominance was greater than the unit, as also confirmed by the high narrow-sense heritability for most of the studied traits. The genetic improvement may be achieved through the selection of genotypes with larger head diameter and heavier seed weight which also showed moderate to high values of narrow-sense heritability. Thirty-two sunflower backcrosses were grouped into eight distinct clusters/groups by canonical analysis.
Se realizó un experimento de campo en lugares contrastantes de las estaciones de investigación agrícola Kafr-El-Hamam/Sharkia y Al-Arish/Norte del Sinaí en el Centro de Investigación Agrícola en Egipto. Se estimaron la variación genética aditiva y dominante, así como la heredabilidad en sentido amplio y restringido para el rendimiento y atributos de girasol en el cruce L350 x L355 usando North Carolina Design-III. La magnitud de las variaciones aditivas para todos los rasgos estudiados en ambos lugares en proporción a las variaciones fenotípicas fue mayor que las dominantes, y el grado promedio de dominancia fue mayor que la unidad, como también lo confirma la alta heredabilidad de sentido estrecho para la mayoría de los rasgos estudiados. La mejora genética se puede lograr mediante la selección de genotipos con mayor diámetro de capítulo y mayor peso de semilla que también mostraron valores, moderados a altos, con rasgos de heredabilidad de sentido estrecho. Treinta y dos retro cruzamientos de girasol se agruparon en ocho clústeres/grupos distintos mediante análisis canónico.
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