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Área foliar, contenido de clorofila, y masa seca de raíces en palmas de aceite (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) afectadas por el disturbio del plumero
Leaf area, chlorophyll content, and root dry mass in oil palms (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) affected by the plumero disorder
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v38n3.85309Keywords:
fisiología, daño, severidad de enfermedad, materia seca (es)physiology, damage, disease severity, dry matter (en)
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El disturbio del plumero en palma de aceite se caracteriza por una anormalidad en el desarrollo del área foliar, el amarillamiento de las hojas jóvenes y el rayado clorótico longitudinal paralelo a la nervadura central. En esta investigación se determinó el área foliar de la hoja 17, el área foliar específica, los contenidos de clorofilas y la masa seca de raíces en una plantación de palma de aceite (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) en la costa norte de Colombia con el objetivo de caracterizar los daños morfofisiológicos y cuantificar la severidad del disturbio. Para el análisis estadístico se realizó un modelo de regresión ordinal y pruebas de análisis de varianzas. Los resultados indicaron que la palma reduce su área foliar antes de que el disturbio sea evidente a nivel visual. Las hojas se vuelven más gruesas con menor contenido de clorofilas. También se presentó un aumento de la masa seca de raíces terciarias y cuaternarias en los grados iniciales. Esta variable disminuyó en los grados más severos del disturbio.
The plumero disorder in oil palm is characterized by an abnormality in the development of the leaf area, yellowing of young leaves, and longitudinal chlorotic strips parallel to the central rib. In this research, the leaf area of leaf 17, the specific leaf area, chlorophyll contents, and root dry mass were evaluated in an oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) plantation on the northern coast of Colombia to characterize the morphophysiological damage and quantify the severity of the disorder. For the statistical analysis, an ordinal regression model and analysis of variance tests were performed. The results indicated that the palm reduces its leaf area before the disorder is visually evident. Leaves became thicker and lower in chlorophyll content. There was also an increase in the tertiary and quaternary root dry mass in the initial grades. This variable decreased in the more severe grades of this disorder.
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