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Ginkgo biloba L. mini-cuttings: indole butyric acid, substrates, and biochemical composition of the mother plants
Miniestacas de Ginkgo biloba L.: ácido indolbutírico, substratos y composición bioquímica de las plantas madre
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v38n3.86430Keywords:
vegetative propagation, medicinal plants, plant growth regulators, medicinal plant cloning, rooting (en)propagación vegetativa, plantas medicinales, reguladores del crecimiento, clonación de plantas medicinales, enraizamiento (es)
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The objective of this study was to evaluate the viability of the Ginkgo biloba mini-cutting technique, as well as the influence of substrates and different concentrations of indole butyric acid (IBA) on adventitious rooting in addition to the protein and sugar content in the mini-cutting. Mini-cuttings were 4 ± 1 cm in length, with the bases immersed in solutions of 0, 1000, 2000, and 3000 mg L-1 IBA. They were then planted in polypropylene tubes using two substrates (vermiculite and Tropstrato®) and maintained under greenhouse conditions for 60 d. The experiment was carried out with a 2 × 4 factorial scheme (substrates × IBA). There was no influence of IBA application on the promotion of rhizogenesis in Ginkgo biloba mini-cuttings. The rooting percentages were higher than 55% regardless of the treatment used. The vermiculite substrate showed a higher number of roots (4.94) and lower mortality (11.60) of mini-cuttings than Tropstrato®. We conclude that the mini-cutting technique is feasible for Ginkgo biloba, and the use of IBA is not necessary. We found that the induction of
adventitious rooting depended on the biochemical composition of the mother plants, due to the translocation of non-reducing sugars and leaf proteins for root formation.
El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la viabilidad de la técnica de miniestacas de Ginkgo biloba, así como la influencia de diferentes sustratos y diferentes concentraciones de ácido indolbutírico (IBA) en el enraizamiento adventicio además del contenido de proteínas y azúcares en las miniestacas. Las miniestacas tenían 4 ± 1 cm de longitud, y sus bases se sumergieron en soluciones de 0, 1000, 2000 y 3000 mg L-1 IBA. Luego las miniestacas se plantaron en tubos de polipropileno usando dos sustratos (vermiculita y Tropstrato®), bajo condiciones de invernadero durante 60 d. El experimento se llevó a cabo en un esquema factorial 2 × 4 (sustratos × IBA). No hubo influencia de la aplicación de IBA en la promoción de la rizogénesis de las miniestacas de Ginkgo biloba. Los porcentajes de enraizamiento fueron superiores al 55%, independientemente del tratamiento utilizado. El sustrato de vermiculita mostró un mayor número de raíces (4.94) y menor mortalidad (11.60) de miniestacas que el Tropstrato®. Por lo tanto, se puede concluir que la técnica de miniestaca es factible para Ginkgo biloba, y que el uso de IBA no es necesario. Se encontró que la inducción de raíces adventicias depende de la composición bioquímica de las plantas madre, debido a la translocación de azúcares no reductores y proteínas de la hoja para la formación de las raíces.
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