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Glyphosate and atrazine inhibit growth of Azospirillum brasilense, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Chromobacterium subtsugae and Saccharopolyspora spinosa
El glifosato y la atrazina inhiben el crecimiento de Azospirillum brasilense, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Chromobacterium subtsugae y Saccharopolyspora spinosa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v39n1.89870Keywords:
tolerance, biodegradation, pesticides, microorganisms (en)tolerancia, biodegradación, pesticidas, microorganismos (es)
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Glyphosate and atrazine are two herbicides used worldwide to ensure high yields in different types of crops. Despite the importance of herbicides, their application may have negative effects on non-target organisms, including bacteria used in biological control and biological nitrogen fixation. Therefore, this research aimed to analyze the in vitro effect of glyphosate and atrazine on the growth of bacteria Azospirillum brasilense, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Chromobacterium subtsugae, and Saccharopolyspora spinosa. The design used was completely randomized, and the doses of the herbicides evaluated were 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 L ha-1. The results showed that glyphosate and atrazine affected the development of the bacteria under study. Atrazine showed a lineal increasing effect between the doses used and inhibition of bacterial growth. Therefore, the dose of 4.0 L ha-1 of this herbicide was the one that showed the highest inhibition of bacteria, whereas glyphosate at a dose of 2.0 L ha-1 showed the highest inhibition of bacteria compared to doses of 1.0, 3.0 and 4.0 L ha-1.
El glifosato y la atrazina son dos herbicidas utilizados en todo el mundo para garantizar una alta productividad en diferentes tipos de cultivos. A pesar de la importancia de los herbicidas, su aplicación puede causar efectos negativos en organismos no objetivo, incluyendo bacterias usadas en control biológico y fijación biológica de nitrógeno. Por lo tanto, esta investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar el efecto in vitro del glifosato y la atrazina sobre el crecimiento de las bacterias Azospirillum brasilense, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Chromobacterium subtsugae y Saccharopolyspora spinosa. El diseño utilizado fue completamente al azar y las dosis de los herbicidas evaluadas fueron 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 y 4.0 L ha-1. Los resultados mostraron que el glifosato y la atrazina afectaron el desarrollo de las bacterias estudiadas. La atrazina tiene un efecto lineal creciente entre las dosis utilizadas y la inhibición del crecimiento bacteriano. Por lo tanto, la dosis de 4.0 L ha-1 de este herbicida fue la que mostró la mayor inhibición de crecimiento de bacterias, mientras que el glifosato a una dosis de 2.0 L ha-1 mostró la más alta inhibición de crecimiento de bacterias en comparación con las dosis de 1.0, 3.0 y 4.0 L ha-1.
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1. L. Ferrando, M. I. Bellini, A. Fernández-Scavino. (2023). Differential response of denitrifying and diazotrophic soil populations to short and long-term exposure of glyphosate and atrazine. Environmental Sustainability, 6(2), p.229. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42398-023-00270-z.
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