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Dynamics of the weed community during pineapple growth in the Brazilian semi-arid region
Dinámica de la comunidad de malezas a lo largo del crecimiento de piña en la región semiárida brasileña
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v40n1.94079Keywords:
Ananas comosus var. comosus, phytosociological survey, IAC Fantastic, Perola, Smooth Cayenne (en)Ananas comosus var. comosus, estudio fitosociológico, IAC Fantástico, Perola, Cayena lisa (es)
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The pineapple belongs to the family Bromeliaceae and is a slow-growing succulent monocot with a reduced superficial root system. For this reason, the interference of weeds in competition with this crop can cause significant losses to the production. One of the bases to elaborate a control strategy is the knowledge of the diversity of weeds that occur in the cultivated areas. The objective of this study was to identify the weed community during pineapple growth in a semi-arid climate region of Brazil. Weeds were collected 60, 120, 180, 240, 300, and 360 days after planting (DAP) the pineapple. These collections were made in three different plots every two months until floral induction, composed of three pineapple cultivars. The weed community found in the irrigated pineapple field, in semi-arid climate conditions, was mostly composed by species belonging to the families Amaranthaceae, Asteraceae, Convolvulaceae, Fabaceae, Malvaceae, and Poaceae. The highest diversity of weed species was found at 60 DAP. The species Ipomoea acuminata was present throughout the development of the pineapple and showed the highest importance value index in most of the periods evaluated during the pineapple growth.
La piña pertenece a la familia Bromeliaceae y es una monocotiledónea suculenta de crecimiento lento con un sistema radical superficial reducido. Por este motivo, la interferencia de las malezas en competencia con el cultivo puede provocar pérdidas importantes para la producción. Una de las bases para la elaboración de una estrategia de control es el conocimiento de la diversidad de malezas que se dan en las áreas cultivadas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar la comunidad de malezas durante el crecimiento de la piña en una región de clima semiárido de Brasil. Las malezas se recolectaron 60, 120, 180, 240, 300 y 360 días después de la siembra (DDS) de la piña. Estas recolecciones se realizaron en tres parcelas diferentes cada dos meses hasta la inducción floral, compuestas por tres cultivares de piña. La comunidad de malezas que se encontró en el campo de piña irrigado, en condiciones climáticas semiáridas, estaba compuesta principalmente por especies pertenecientes a las familias Amaranthaceae, Asteraceae, Convolvulaceae, Fabaceae, Malvaceae y Poaceae. La mayor diversidad de especies de malezas se encontró a los 60 DDS. La especie Ipomoea acuminata estuvo presente durante todo el desarrollo de la piña y mostró el índice de valor de importancia más alto en la mayoría de los períodos evaluados durante el crecimiento de la piña.
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