Growth, development, and chlorophyll indexes of glyphosate and glufosinate-tolerant maize under herbicide application
Crecimiento, desarrollo e índices de clorofila de maíz tolerante a glifosato y glufosinato bajo aplicación de herbicidas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v40n1.99136Keywords:
atrazine, crop injury, herbicide mixture, selectivity, Zea mays (en)atrazina, fitotoxicidad, mezcla de herbicidas, selectividad, Zea mays (es)
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Glyphosate, glufosinate, and atrazine do not affect the growth and development of glyphosate and glufosinate-tolerant (RR2/LL) maize; however, the results are less consolidated for these herbicides applied in mixtures. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of post-emergent application of glyphosate, glufosinate, and atrazine, alone and in mixtures, on the growth and development of the RR2/LL maize. The treatments consisted of the application of glyphosate (1080 g of acid equivalent [ae] ha-1), glufosinate (500 g of active ingredient [ai] ha-1), atrazine (2000 g [ai] ha-1), glyphosate + glufosinate, glyphosate + atrazine, glufosinate + atrazine, glyphosate + glufosinate + atrazine, and the control (without application). The experiment was carried out in two locations under greenhouse conditions with different maize hybrids. Crop injury and variables of the agronomic performance (height, stem diameter, chlorophyll indexes, fresh and dry weight of shoot, root dry weight, and total dry weight) were evaluated. Herbicides applied alone or in binary mixtures did not cause major damage. However, the application of the three associated herbicides in some situations might result in detrimental effects on the development of the RR2/LL maize.
Glifosato, glufosinato y atrazina no afectan el crecimiento y desarrollo de las plantas de maíz tolerantes a glifosato y a glufosinato (RR2/LL); sin embargo, los resultados están menos consolidados para estos herbicidas aplicados en mezclas. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar los efectos de la aplicación post-emergente de glifosato, glufosinato y atrazina, solos y en mezclas, sobre el crecimiento y desarrollo del maíz RR2/LL. Los tratamientos se formaron por aplicación de glifosato (1080 g de ácido equivalente [ae] ha-1), glufosinato (500 g de ingrediente activo [ia] ha-1), atrazina (2000 g [ia] ha-1), glifosato + glufosinato, glifosato + atrazina, glufosinato + atrazina, glifosato + glufosinato + atrazina, además del testigo (sin aplicación). El experimento se llevó a cabo en dos localidades, en condiciones de invernadero, con diferentes híbridos de maíz. Se evaluó la fitotoxicidad al cultivo y variables relacionadas con el crecimiento del mismo (altura, diámetro del tallo, índices de clorofila, masa fresca y seca de la parte aérea, masa seca de las raíces, masa seca total). Los herbicidas aplicados solos o en mezclas binarias, no causaron daños importantes. Sin embargo, la aplicación de los tres herbicidas en asociación en algunas situaciones puede resultar en efectos perjudiciales sobre el desarrollo del maíz RR2/LL.
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