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Antifungal effect of limonene against different pathogenic Fusarium species
Efecto antifúngico del limoneno sobre diferentes especies patógenas de Fusarium
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v43n2.120340Keywords:
pathogen control, essential oil, Fusariun head blight, wheat (en)control de patógenos, aceite esencial, fusariosis de la espiga, trigo (es)
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Alternative control methods of fungal diseases have been studied with an emphasis on finding new compounds derived from plants, such as essential oils and extracts, which are considered safer for consumers and the environment. Limonene, a cyclic monoterpene widely found in nature, is the main component of essential oils obtained from the peels of citrus fruits such as grapefruit, lemon, lime, and particularly orange. Despite its prevalence and its use as an antifungal agent, especially against fungi that cause diseases in major crops worldwide, studies on its application in greenhouse assays have been limited. The aim of this research was to evaluate the antifungal activity of limonene against cereal-pathogenic Fusarium species and to assess its effectiveness in controlling Fusarium head blight through plant bioassays. Limonene inhibited mycelial growth in vitro for all tested species, showing effective fungistatic action on pathogens. Regarding plant bioassays, the most significant effect was observed when limonene was applied simultaneously with and after the pathogen, indicating that limonene is not acting as a defense-inducing agent in the plant but directly on the pathogen. When limonene was applied before the pathogen, no significant inhibition of incidence was detected. Further studies are necessary to explore the use of limonene in controlling Fusarium head blight in major crops such as Triticum aestivum L. This study presents promising results for controlling this disease using limonene.
Se han estudiado métodos alternativos para el control de enfermedades, con énfasis en la búsqueda de nuevos compuestos derivados de plantas, como aceites esenciales y extractos, que se consideran más seguros para los consumidores y el medio ambiente. El limoneno, un monoterpeno cíclico ampliamente encontrado en la naturaleza, es el principal componente de los aceites esenciales obtenidos de las cáscaras de frutas cítricas como pomelo, limón, lima y, en particular, naranja. A pesar de su prevalencia, su uso como antifúngico, especialmente contra hongos que causan enfermedades en cultivos extensivos a nivel mundial, y los estudios sobre su aplicación en ensayos bajo invernadero han sido poco explorados. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la actividad antifúngica del limoneno contra especies de Fusarium patógenas de cereales y evaluar su eficacia mediante bioensayos en plantas. El limoneno inhibió el crecimiento micelial in vitro en todas las especies analizadas, mostrando su eficaz acción fungistática sobre los patógenos. El efecto más significativo se observó cuando el terpeno se aplicó simultáneamente con y después del patógeno. Esto indicaría que el limoneno no estaría ejerciendo una acción como agente inductor de defensa en la planta, sino que su acción es directa sobre el patógeno, dado que en el tratamiento en el que se aplicó limoneno antes del patógeno, no se detectó una inhibición significativa en su incidencia. Se requieren más estudios para explorar el uso del limoneno en el control de la fusariosis de la espiga en cultivos extensivos como Triticum aestivum L. Este trabajo presenta resultados alentadores y prometedores para el control de esta enfermedad mediante el uso del limoneno..
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