Published

2023-04-30

CH4 and N2O fluxes during paddy rice crop development, post-harvest, and fallow

Flujos del CH4 y N2O durante el desarrollo del cultivo de arroz, post-cosecha y barbecho

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n1.107053

Keywords:

greenhouse gases, diurnal flux variation, continuous water management (en)
gases de efecto invernadero, variación diurna del flujo, manejo continuo del agua (es)

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Paddy fields are major sources of greenhouse gases, mainly methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O). Defining the sampling times for determining the average diurnal emission rates is an important step in optimizing field measurement, avoiding the influence of possible peaks. With this purpose, diurnal gas measurements (CH4 and N2O) were taken using the static chamber method during five 24 h-periods (campaigns), every 2 h, at three rice crop development stages (R2, C1 campaign; R5, C2 campaign, and R8, C3 campaign), and in post-harvest (PH, C4 campaign) and in fallow (FP, C5 campaign) periods. The CH4 fluxes remained close to the average flux both at C1 (9.4 ± 1.0 mg CH4 m-2 h-1) and C2 (10.2 ± 1.4 mg CH4 m-2 h-1), allowing the gas sampling at any time of the day, except at 5:00 p.m. when a peak was observed at C1. As the CH4 fluxes for C3, C4, and C5 were close to zero, no average value was identified. The average N2O fluxes were low at C1 (1.0 ± 5.7 μg N2O m-2 h-1) and at C4 (6.7 ± 2.6 μg N2O m-2 h-1), increasing at C2 (26.9 ± 9.3 μg N2O m-2 h-1) and C3 (21.2 ± 7.2 μg N2O m-2 h-1) and reaching higher values during the C5 campaign (73.7 ± 33.3 μg N2O m-2 h-1). In general, considering the average flux values recorded in this study, the most appropriate times for sampling N2O during the C1, C2, C3, and C4 campaigns would be from 9 p.m. to 1 a.m. and also around 11:00 a.m. Average N2O flows in fallow would be more likely around 11:00 p.m. and 11 a.m.

Los arrozales son fuentes importantes de gases de efecto invernadero, principalmente el metano (CH4) y el óxido nitroso (N2O). Definir los tiempos de muestreo para la determinación de las tasas de emisión diurna promedio es un paso importante en la optimización de la medición en campo ya que evita la influencia de posibles picos. Con este fin se realizaron mediciones diurnas de gases (CH4 y N2O) utilizando el método de cámara estática durante los periodos de muestreo (M) de 24h, cada 2h, en tres etapas de desarrollo del cultivo de arroz (R2, M1; R5, M2; y R8, M3), en los periodos post-cosecha (PH, M4) y barbecho (FP, M5). Los flujos de CH4 permanecieron cercanos al flujo promedio en M1 (9.4 ± 1.0 mg CH4 m-2 h-1) y en M2 (10.2 ± 1.4 mg CH4 m-2 h-1), permitiendo la toma de muestras de gas en cualquier momento del día, excepto a las 5:00 p.m., cuando se observó un pico en M1. Como los flujos de CH4 para M3, M4 y M5 fueron cercanos a cero, no se identificó un valor promedio. Los flujos de N2O fueron bajos en M1 (1.0 ± 5.7 μg N2O m-2 h-1) y en M4 (6.7 ± 2.6 μg N2O m-2 h-1), aumentando en M2 (26.9 ± 9.3 μg N2O m-2 h-1) y M3 (21.2 ± 7.2 μg N2O m-2 h-1) y alcanzando valores más altos en M5 (73.7 ± 33.3 μg N2O m-2 h-1, en promedio). En general, considerando los valores de flujo promedio registrados en este estudio, los momentos más apropiados para el muestreo de N2O en M1, M2, M3 y M4 serían de 9 p.m. a 1 a.m. y también alrededor de las 11:00 a.m. Los flujos promedio de N2O en el período de barbecho serían más probables cerca de las 11:00 p.m. y 11:00 a.m.

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APA

Lima, M. A. de, Faria Vieira, R., Barreto Luiz, A. J. and Haddad Galvão, J. A. (2023). CH4 and N2O fluxes during paddy rice crop development, post-harvest, and fallow. Agronomía Colombiana, 41(1), e107053. https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n1.107053

ACM

[1]
Lima, M.A. de, Faria Vieira, R., Barreto Luiz, A.J. and Haddad Galvão, J.A. 2023. CH4 and N2O fluxes during paddy rice crop development, post-harvest, and fallow. Agronomía Colombiana. 41, 1 (Jan. 2023), e107053. DOI:https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n1.107053.

ACS

(1)
Lima, M. A. de; Faria Vieira, R.; Barreto Luiz, A. J.; Haddad Galvão, J. A. CH4 and N2O fluxes during paddy rice crop development, post-harvest, and fallow. Agron. Colomb. 2023, 41, e107053.

ABNT

LIMA, M. A. de; FARIA VIEIRA, R.; BARRETO LUIZ, A. J.; HADDAD GALVÃO, J. A. CH4 and N2O fluxes during paddy rice crop development, post-harvest, and fallow. Agronomía Colombiana, [S. l.], v. 41, n. 1, p. e107053, 2023. DOI: 10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n1.107053. Disponível em: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/agrocol/article/view/107053. Acesso em: 15 mar. 2025.

Chicago

Lima, Magda Aparecida de, Rosana Faria Vieira, Alfredo José Barreto Luiz, and José Abrahão Haddad Galvão. 2023. “CH4 and N2O fluxes during paddy rice crop development, post-harvest, and fallow”. Agronomía Colombiana 41 (1):e107053. https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n1.107053.

Harvard

Lima, M. A. de, Faria Vieira, R., Barreto Luiz, A. J. and Haddad Galvão, J. A. (2023) “CH4 and N2O fluxes during paddy rice crop development, post-harvest, and fallow”, Agronomía Colombiana, 41(1), p. e107053. doi: 10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n1.107053.

IEEE

[1]
M. A. de Lima, R. Faria Vieira, A. J. Barreto Luiz, and J. A. Haddad Galvão, “CH4 and N2O fluxes during paddy rice crop development, post-harvest, and fallow”, Agron. Colomb., vol. 41, no. 1, p. e107053, Jan. 2023.

MLA

Lima, M. A. de, R. Faria Vieira, A. J. Barreto Luiz, and J. A. Haddad Galvão. “CH4 and N2O fluxes during paddy rice crop development, post-harvest, and fallow”. Agronomía Colombiana, vol. 41, no. 1, Jan. 2023, p. e107053, doi:10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n1.107053.

Turabian

Lima, Magda Aparecida de, Rosana Faria Vieira, Alfredo José Barreto Luiz, and José Abrahão Haddad Galvão. “CH4 and N2O fluxes during paddy rice crop development, post-harvest, and fallow”. Agronomía Colombiana 41, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): e107053. Accessed March 15, 2025. https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/agrocol/article/view/107053.

Vancouver

1.
Lima MA de, Faria Vieira R, Barreto Luiz AJ, Haddad Galvão JA. CH4 and N2O fluxes during paddy rice crop development, post-harvest, and fallow. Agron. Colomb. [Internet]. 2023 Jan. 1 [cited 2025 Mar. 15];41(1):e107053. Available from: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/agrocol/article/view/107053

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