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Morphological variations and abundance of populations of the leafhopper Dalbulus maidis (DeLong) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) from the corn-producing region of Huila, Colombia
Variaciones morfológicas y abundancia de poblaciones del saltahojas Dalbulus maidis (DeLong) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) provenientes de la región productora de maíz del Huila, Colombia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v39n3.96432Keywords:
vector, morphometry, taxonomy, morphotypes, stunt (en)vector, morfometría, taxonomía, morfotipos, achaparramiento (es)
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Dalbulus maidis is known as the vector of the pathogens causing corn stunt complex disease that decreases crop yields to percentages higher than 90%. In the most affected areas of this disease, there is an increase in the abundance of this insect. This research evaluated the abundance and morphological characterization of populations of D. maidis collected from the region of Huila and determined the possible morphological variations within these populations. Leafhopper samples were collected in corn crops from 40 to 70 d after planting from eight localities in the corn-producing region of Huila. Taxonomic determination was carried out and twelve morphological characters were compared to evaluate the inter-population variations. Analyses of variance were performed to determine significant differences between individuals at three levels: abundance from specific corn-producing areas, morphotype, and sex. A total of 6,722 individuals were found, separated into four morphotypes. Total length, head length, and distance between the eyes showed significant differences. This study can serve as a basis for a better understanding of the vector for future research in the corn-producing regions of Colombia.
Dalbulus maidis es el principal vector de los agentes causales de la enfermedad del complejo del achaparramiento del maíz que disminuye el rendimiento del cultivo hasta en un 90%. En las áreas de mayor afectación por esta enfermedad se presenta un incremento en la abundancia del insecto. Esta investigación evaluó la abundancia y la caracterización morfológica de poblaciones de D. maidis recolectadas en el departamento del Huila y determinó posibles variaciones morfológicas dentro de estas poblaciones. Las muestras de los insectos fueron recolectadas en cultivos de maíz entre 40 y 70 d después de la siembra en ocho localidades de la región productora de maíz del Huila. Se llevó a cabo una determinación taxonómica y se compararon doce caracteres morfológicos para evaluar las variaciones entre poblaciones. Se realizaron análisis de varianza para determinar diferencias significativas entre los individuos en tres niveles: abundancia de áreas específicas de producción de maíz, morfotipo y sexo. Se encontraron 6722 individuos en total, separados en cuatro morfotipos. La longitud total, la longitud de la cabeza y la distancia entre los ojos presentaron diferencias significativas. Este estudio podría ser la base para una mejor comprensión del vector para futuras investigaciones en las regiones productoras de maíz en Colombia.
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