¿Fin de la excepcionalidad? Estados Unidos ante la erosión democrática y los desafíos de la gobernanza global
¿END OF EXCEPTIONALISM? THE UNITED STATES FACES DEMOCRATIC ERODITION AND THE CHALLENGES OF GLOBAL GOVERNANCE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/anpol.v38n111.125140Palabras clave:
Democracia estadounidense, Erosión democrática, Política internacional, Orden liberal, Poder blando (es)U.S. democracy, Democratic erosion, International politics, Liberal order, Soft power (en)
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Este artículo examina el deterioro de la democracia en Estados Unidos y sus implicaciones en la política internacional. A partir de la noción de erosión democrática, se analiza cómo factores internos han debilitado las instituciones y generado una crisis de confianza ciudadana. Se sostiene que estos procesos no son únicamente domésticos, sino que afectan de manera directa la capacidad de la superpotencia para ejercer liderazgo en el orden liberal internacional. En el plano externo, la pérdida de credibilidad y legitimidad se refleja en tensiones con sus aliados, en la apertura de espacios para narrativas autoritarias impulsadas por potencias rivales, en la fragmentación de la gobernanza global y en la erosión de su poder blando. El artículo concluye que la sostenibilidad del orden internacional liberal depende en gran medida de la capacidad de Estados Unidos para renovar y fortalecer su propio sistema político.
This article examines the deterioration of democracy in the United States and its implications for international politics. Building on the concept of democratic erosion, it analyzes how domestic factors have weakened institutions and triggered a crisis of public trust. The article argues that these processes are not merely domestic but directly undermine the superpower’s ability to exercise leadership within the liberal international order. Externally, the loss of credibility and legitimacy is reflected in strained relations with allies, the rise of authoritarian narratives promoted by rival powers, the fragmentation of global governance, and the erosion of U.S. soft power. The analysis concludes that the sustainability of the liberal international order largely depends on the United States’ ability to renew and strengthen its domestic democracy.
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