PROGRAMAS DE TRANSFERENCIAS CONDICIONADAS Y LA POLITIZACION DE LAS ESTRATEGIAS DE REDUCCIÓN DE LA POBREZA

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2015-01-01

CONDITIONAL CASH TRANSFER SCHEMES AND THE POLITICISATION OF POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES SCHEMES AND POLITICISATION OF POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES

PROGRAMAS DE TRANSFERENCIAS CONDICIONADAS Y LA POLITIZACION DE LAS ESTRATEGIAS DE REDUCCIÓN DE LA POBREZA

Palabras clave:

Social policy, conditional cash transfers, voting behaviour (en)
Política social, transferencias monetarias condicionadas, comportamiento de votación (es)

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Juan Fernando Bucheli Universidad Externado de Colombia

Resumen (en)
Resumen (es)

Conditional Cash Transfers (CCTs) in Latin America has been marked by a closed top-down process led by coalitions of politicians and technocrats who have chosen patronage relationships as the most convenient interaction with beneficiaries of social programmes. The existence of this type of relationship forces beneficiaries to take part in long-term political alliances in exchange for economic benefits. What seems to be a symbiotic relationship for the parties ultimately can have negative consequences in terms of democratic values and a financial opportunity cost to implement more efficient social investment. The more the exchange persists, the more permanent welfare dependency will prevail in the region.

Los programas de transferencias monetarias condicionadas (CCT en inglés), en América Latina, se han caracterizado por emplear un enfoque cerrado de arriba hacia abajo, en donde las coaliciones entre políticos y tecnócratas han terminado por establecer un sistema de incentivos clientelistas como la interacción más conveniente con los beneficiarios de programas sociales. La existencia de este tipo de relaciones ha obligado a los beneficiarios a formar parte de alianzas políticas a largo plazo, a cambio de beneficios económicos. Lo que pareciera ser relación simbiótica para las partes, finalmente podría ser una relación con consecuencias negativas en términos de valores democráticos y un costo de oportunidad financiero para emprender otro tipo de inversiones sociales más eficientes. Entre más exista este tipo intercambio, mayor será la dependencia de este tipo de recursos en la región.

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