Published

2024-12-01

Demystifying aggression in response to smoking bans in psychiatry

Desmitificación de la agresividad ante la prohibición del tabaco en psiquiatría

Desmistificação da agressividade diante da proibição do fumo em psiquiatria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/av.enferm.v42n2.114168

Keywords:

Hospitals, Psychiatric, Psychiatric Nursing, Smoke-free Environments, Smoke-free Policy, Tobacco Use Disorder (en)
Hospitales Psiquiátricos, Enfermería Psiquiátrica, Ambientes Libres de Humo, Política para Fumadores, Tabaquismo (es)
Hospitais Psiquiátricos, Enfermagem Psiquiátrica, Ambientes Livres de Fumo, Política Antifumo, Tabagismo (pt)

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Objective: To investigate the aggressive behaviors of patients in a psychiatric hospital adhering to the anti-smoking law and to identify their associated factors. 

Materials and method: This cross-sectional epidemiological study analyzed the medical records of 573 discharged patients from a Brazilian psychiatric hospital. The response variables included verbal aggression, physical aggression, physical restraint, and mechanical restraint. Multiple Poisson regression models were applied for analysis.

Results: Approximately 48% of the patients were smokers. Aggression was found to be 121% higher among younger patients (aged 19-35), 73% higher among those with longer hospital stays, 55% higher among individuals hospitalized involuntarily, and 89% higher among those prescribed five or more psychotropic drugs, independent of other variables. Additionally, individuals hospitalized after the implementation of the smoking ban exhibited 55% fewer aggressive behaviors compared to those hospitalized prior to the ban.  

Conclusions: The study revealed that the associations between smoking and aggression, as well as the duration of hospitalization relative to the smoking ban, were influenced by personal and clinical variables. Cultural beliefs about the perceived benefits of smoking may be perpetuated among individuals with mental disorders, while older nursing professionals might influence younger colleagues’
perspectives on permitting smoking in mental health settings as a means of mitigating aggression. Breaking this cycle of misinformation requires generating new knowledge and insights, which represents a significant contribution of this study.

Objetivo: investigar los comportamientos agresivos de los pacientes en un hospital psiquiátrico que cumple con la ley antitabaco e identificar los factores asociados a dichos comportamientos.

Materiales y método: el presente estudio epidemiológico transversal analizó las historias clínicas de 573 pacientes dados de alta de un hospital psiquiátrico en Brasil. Las variables de respuesta incluyeron comportamientos agresivos verbales, comportamientos agresivos físicos, restricción física y restricción mecánica. Para el análisis, se desarrollaron modelos de regresión de Poisson múltiple.

Resultados: cerca del 48 % de los pacientes eran fumadores. Independientemente de otras variables, la agresión fue 121 % mayor entre los jóvenes (19-35 años), 73 % mayor entre aquellos con estancias hospitalarias prolongadas, 55 % mayor entre individuos hospitalizados involuntariamente y 89 % mayor entre aquellos que usaban cinco o más medicamentos psicotrópicos. Además, los individuos hospitalizados después de la prohibición de fumar presentaron una incidencia 55 % menor de comportamientos agresivos en comparación con aquellos hospitalizados antes de esta prohibición.

Conclusiones: las asociaciones entre el tabaquismo y la agresión, así como la duración de la hospitalización en relación con la prohibición de fumar, estuvieron influenciadas por variables personales y clínicas. Las creencias culturales sobre los beneficios del tabaquismo pueden transmitirse entre individuos con trastornos
mentales, mientras que los profesionales de enfermería de mayor edad podrían influir en las opiniones de los colegas más jóvenes sobre la permisibilidad de fumar en entornos de salud mental como una forma de mitigar la agresión. Romper este ciclo de desinformación requiere generar nuevos conocimientos y perspectivas, lo que constituye una contribución clave de este estudio.

Objetivo: investigar os comportamentos agressivos de pacientes de um hospital psiquiátrico adepto à lei antifumo e identificar os fatores associados.

Materiais e método: este estudo epidemiológico transversal analisa os prontuários médicos de 573 pacientes egressos de um hospital psiquiátrico brasileiro. As variáveis de resposta incluíram comportamentos agressivos verbais, comportamento agressivo físico, contenção física e contenção mecânica. Foram desenvolvidos modelos de regressão de Poisson múltipla.

Resultados: aproximadamente 48% dos pacientes eram fumantes. Independentemente das outras variáveis, a agressão foi 121% maior entre os jovens (19-35 anos), 73% maior entre as pessoas que ficaram mais tempo no hospital, 55% maior entre aqueles hospitalizados involuntariamente e 89% maior entre aqueles que usavam
cinco ou mais psicotrópicos. As pessoas hospitalizadas após a proibição de fumar mostraram 55% menos comportamentos agressivos do que aquelas hospitalizadas
antes da proibição.

Conclusões: as associações entre tabagismo e agressão, assim como a duração da hospitalização com relação à proibição de fumar, foram influenciadas por variáveis
pessoais e clínicas. Crenças culturais sobre os benefícios do tabagismo podem ser transmitidas entre indivíduos com transtornos mentais, enquanto os profissionais de enfermagem de mais idade poderiam influenciar as opiniões dos colegas mais jovens sobre a permissibilidade de fumar em ambientes de saúde mental para mitigar a agressão. Quebrar esse ciclo de desinformação requer gerar conhecimentos e perspectivas, o que representa uma contribuição-chave deste estudo.

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How to Cite

VANCOUVER

1.
Oliveira RM de, Santos JLF, a Furegato ARF. Demystifying aggression in response to smoking bans in psychiatry. Av. enferm. [Internet]. 2024 Jul. 4 [cited 2025 Mar. 31];42(2):1-15. Available from: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/avenferm/article/view/114168

ACM

[1]
Oliveira, R.M. de, Santos, J.L.F. and a Furegato, A.R.F. 2024. Demystifying aggression in response to smoking bans in psychiatry. Avances en Enfermería. 42, 2 (Jul. 2024), 1–15. DOI:https://doi.org/10.15446/av.enferm.v42n2.114168.

ACS

(1)
Oliveira, R. M. de; Santos, J. L. F.; a Furegato, A. R. F. Demystifying aggression in response to smoking bans in psychiatry. Av. enferm. 2024, 42, 1-15.

APA

Oliveira, R. M. de, Santos, J. L. F. and a Furegato, A. R. F. (2024). Demystifying aggression in response to smoking bans in psychiatry. Avances en Enfermería, 42(2), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.15446/av.enferm.v42n2.114168

ABNT

OLIVEIRA, R. M. de; SANTOS, J. L. F.; A FUREGATO, A. R. F. Demystifying aggression in response to smoking bans in psychiatry. Avances en Enfermería, [S. l.], v. 42, n. 2, p. 1–15, 2024. DOI: 10.15446/av.enferm.v42n2.114168. Disponível em: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/avenferm/article/view/114168. Acesso em: 31 mar. 2025.

Chicago

Oliveira, Renata Marques de, Jair Lício Ferreira Santos, and Antonia Regina Ferreira a Furegato. 2024. “Demystifying aggression in response to smoking bans in psychiatry”. Avances En Enfermería 42 (2):1-15. https://doi.org/10.15446/av.enferm.v42n2.114168.

Harvard

Oliveira, R. M. de, Santos, J. L. F. and a Furegato, A. R. F. (2024) “Demystifying aggression in response to smoking bans in psychiatry”, Avances en Enfermería, 42(2), pp. 1–15. doi: 10.15446/av.enferm.v42n2.114168.

IEEE

[1]
R. M. de Oliveira, J. L. F. Santos, and A. R. F. a Furegato, “Demystifying aggression in response to smoking bans in psychiatry”, Av. enferm., vol. 42, no. 2, pp. 1–15, Jul. 2024.

MLA

Oliveira, R. M. de, J. L. F. Santos, and A. R. F. a Furegato. “Demystifying aggression in response to smoking bans in psychiatry”. Avances en Enfermería, vol. 42, no. 2, July 2024, pp. 1-15, doi:10.15446/av.enferm.v42n2.114168.

Turabian

Oliveira, Renata Marques de, Jair Lício Ferreira Santos, and Antonia Regina Ferreira a Furegato. “Demystifying aggression in response to smoking bans in psychiatry”. Avances en Enfermería 42, no. 2 (July 4, 2024): 1–15. Accessed March 31, 2025. https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/avenferm/article/view/114168.

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