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Asignación del personal de enfermería vs. indicadores hospitalarios: revisión paraguas
Nurse staffing versus hospital indicators: an umbrella review
Designação da equipe de enfermagem versus indicadores hospitalares: uma revisão guarda-chuva
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/av.enferm.v42n3.114392Keywords:
Personal de Enfermería, Revisión Sistemática, Personal de Enfermería en Hospital, Asignación de Recursos para la Atención de Salud (es)Nursing Staff, Systematic Review, Health Care Rationing, Nursing Staff, Hospital (en)
Revisão Sistemática, Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem, Alocação de Recursos para a Atenção à Saúde, Equipe de Enfermagem Hospitalar (pt)
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Introducción: la insuficiente asignación de personal de enfermería compromete la calidad de la atención y la seguridad del paciente.
Objetivo: analizar el efecto de la asignación de personal de enfermería en los indicadores relacionados con los enfermeros, los pacientes y la organización.
Materiales y método: se llevó a cabo una revisión tipo paraguas. La búsqueda bibliográfica se efectuó en: Pubmed/Medline, Biblioteca Virtual en Salud, ProQuest y One Academic. Se incluyeron revisiones sistemáticas o metaanálisis publicados entre el 2018 y el 2024, en inglés, portugués y español. La evaluación de la calidad metodológica de los estudios seleccionados se efectúo mediante el instrumento Johanna Brings.
Resultados: al evaluar la calidad metodológica de los estudios seleccionados, cuatro de ellos obtuvieron la máxima puntuación, lo que refleja una metodología sólida y rigurosa y, por ende, aumenta la confiabilidad de sus resultados. Las revisiones analizadas investigaron los efectos de la asignación de personal en diversos indicadores hospitalarios: los relacionados con el talento humano, la satisfacción del paciente, la seguridad en la atención, la efectividad y los procesos organizacionales.
Conclusión: la asignación adecuada de personal de enfermería influye en la calidad de la atención y los resultados para pacientes y profesionales. Si bien los resultados sugieren que una menor proporción enfermera-paciente en UCI se asocia con mejores resultados, se requieren más estudios rigurosos para generalizar estos hallazgos a otros contextos clínicos. Los resultados obtenidos tienen implicaciones para la formulación de políticas y la práctica clínica, subrayando la importancia de invertir en estrategias que promuevan una asignación de personal adecuada y sostenible.
Introduction: insufficient nurse staffing compromises quality of care and patient safety.
Objective: to analyze the effect of nurse staffing on indicators related to nurses, patients and the organization.
Materials and method: an umbrella review was carried out. The literature search was performed in: Pubmed/Medline, Virtual Health Library, ProQuest and One Academic. Systematic reviews or meta-analyses published between 2018 to 2024, in English, Portuguese and Spanish were included. The methodological quality of the selected studies was assessed using the Johanna Brings instrument.
Results: When evaluating the methodological quality of the selected studies, four of them obtained the highest score, which reflects a solid and rigorous methodology, thus increasing the reliability of their results. The reviews analyzed investigated the effects of staffing on various hospital indicators: those related to human talent, patient satisfaction, safety of care, effectiveness and organizational processes.
Conclusion: this review provides evidence that adequate nurse staffing influences the quality of care and outcomes for patients and professionals. While the results suggest that lower nurse-to-patient ratios in ICUs are associated with better outcomes, more rigorous studies are needed to generalize these findings to other clinical settings. The results obtained have implications for policy formulation and clinical practice, underscoring the importance of investing in strategies that promote appropriate and sustainable staffing allocation.
Introdução: uma designação insuficiente da equipe de enfermagem compromete a qualidade do cuidado e a segurança do paciente.
Objetivo: analisar o efeito da designação da equipe de enfermagem nos indicadores relacionados aos enfermeiros, aos pacientes e à organização.
Materiais e método: foi realizada uma revisão tipo guarda-chuva. A pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizada em PubMed/Medline, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, ProQuest
e One Academic. Foram incluídas revisões sistemáticas ou metanálises publicadas entre 2018 e 2024, em inglês, português e espanhol. A qualidade metodológica dos estudos selecionados foi avaliada usando o instrumento Johanna Brings.
Resultados: ao avaliar a qualidade metodológica dos estudos selecionados, quatro deles obtiveram a pontuação máxima, o que reflete uma metodologia sólida e rigorosa,
aumentando assim a confiabilidade de seus resultados. As revisões analisadas investigaram os efeitos da equipe em vários indicadores hospitalares: talento humano, satisfação do paciente, segurança do atendimento, eficácia e processos organizacionais.
Conclusões: a equipe de enfermagem adequada influencia a qualidade do atendimento e os resultados para pacientes
e profissionais. Embora os resultados sugiram que a menor proporção profissional de enfermagem-paciente em UTI esteja associada a melhores resultados, são necessários
mais estudos rigorosos para generalizar esses achados para outros ambientes clínicos. Os resultados obtidos têm implicações para a formulação de políticas e para a prática clínica, destacando a importância de investir em estratégias
que promovam a alocação adequada e sustentável de pessoal.
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