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Evaluación de diferentes métodos de extracción de ARN a partir del hongo nativo Xylaria sp.
Evaluation of different RNA extraction methods from the native fungus Xylaria sp.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/rev.colomb.biote.v19n1.57114Palabras clave:
biotecnología, investigación, microbiología, ascomicetes, β-tubulina, liofilización, nitrógeno líquido, RT-PCR (es)ascomycete, β-tubulin, lyophilization, liquid nitrogen, RT-PCR (en)
La extracción de ARN de calidad constituye el primer paso para el análisis de la expresión génica. Sin embargo, su obtención no es sencilla debido a la susceptibilidad de esta molécula a la presencia de contaminantes como ARNasas, proteínas y polisacáridos. Adicionalmente, debido a la diversa composición de la pared celular de los hongos se requiere optimizar los procesos de extracción de ARN para organismos específicos. Este estudio evalúo el uso de diferentes metodologías de homogeneización de tejido (nitrógeno líquido y liofilización) y extracción de ARN (Trizol, CTAB y RNeasy mini kit) a partir del hongo nativo ascomiceto Xylaria sp. Se determinó la pureza, concentración e integridad del ARN obtenido por medio de espectrofotometría y electroforesis. Adicionalmente, se diseñaron cebadores de referencia para el gen β-Tubulina a partir del alineamiento de secuencias de este gen obtenidas de diferentes ascomicetes. Estos cebadores fueron utilizados para evaluar si el ARN extraído es amplificable mediante RT-PCR. Se determinó que la homogeneización de tejido por medio de liofilización generó mayores rendimientos de extracción independientemente del protocolo de extracción utilizado; sin embargo, éstos alteraron la integridad del ARN. Se obtuvo un ARN con mayor pureza con el protocolo CTABy un mayor rendimiento con el RNeasy mini kit. Los resultados indican que el ARN extraído, independientemente de la metodología de homogeneización y extracción utilizada, es amplificable mediante RT-PCR. No obstante, se recomienda homogeneizar el tejido con nitrógeno líquido y extraer con RNeasy mini kit por la brevedad del protocolo de extracción y calidad obtenida.
Obtaining high quality RNA is the first step for gene expression analysis. However, the low stability of this molecule and high presence of contaminants such as RNases, proteins and polysaccharides may trouble extractions. Fungi cell wall composition is highly diverse; therefore optimizing RNA extraction procedures is necessary when studying specific organisms. In this study, different methods of tissue homogenization (liquid nitrogen and lyophilization) and RNA extraction (Trizol, CTAB and RNeasy mini kit) were assessed with a native ascomycete, Xylaria sp. RNA purity, concentration and integrity were determined by spectrophotometry and electrophoresis. In addition, a set of housekeeping gene primers was designed targeting the β-tubulin gene. The primers were used to determine if the RNA extracted allowed RT-PCR amplification. It was demonstrated that homogenization of tissue by lyophilization allowed higher yields of RNA regardless of the extraction protocol used, however, the RNA integrity was affected. The higher RNA purity was obtained using CTAB and the higher yields using the RNeasy mini kit. The extracted RNA is amplifiable by RT-PCR regardless of the homogenization and extraction methodology used. However, it is recommended to homogenize the tissue with liquid nitrogen and to extract RNA with the RNeasy mini kit due the shortness and efficiency of these protocols.
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Derechos de autor 2017 Revista Colombiana de Biotecnología
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