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Rediscovery of the enigmatic Hypericum radicans (Hypericaceae): Insights into its affinities and sympatry with congeneric species in the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia
Redescubrimiento del enigmático Hypericum radicans (Hypericaceae): Consideraciones sobre sus afinidades y simpatría con sus especies congéneres de la Cordillera Oriental de Colombia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/caldasia.v48.119433Keywords:
Andean endemics, subpáramo vegetation, Flora of Boyacá, Flora of Colombia, páramo chamaephytes (en)Caméfitos de páramo, endemismos andinos, Flora de Boyacá, vegetación de subpáramo, Flora de Colombia (es)
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Hypericum radicans, an enigmatic species barely known from a severely fragmented specimen with uncertain provenance, was recently rediscovered in subpáramos and páramos from the department of Boyacá. Here, we amend and complement the original description, adding critical traits onto the diagnosis of the species, and confirming its status as a distinct one. Additionally, we discuss its affinities with four species having similar life-form and vegetative and reproductive traits. Specifically, we compare it with páramo and subpáramo chamaephytes with very short main shoots that radially branch forming cushion-like clumps. A key to identify the five species is provided along with photographic records. Notably, most H. radicans flowers and fruits exhibit four or five carpels, an uncommon trait on neotropical species of Hypericum, where three carpels usually prevail. Finally, we comment on the outstanding sympatry of Hypericum species in the high montane ecosystems of the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia, and argue against sympatric speciation as a major driver of the diversification of the genus in the northern Andes.
Hypericum radicans, especie enigmática apenas conocida a partir de un ejemplar severamente fragmentado y de procedencia incierta, fue redescubierta recientemente en subpáramos y páramos del departamento de Boyacá. En esta contribución, precisamos y complementamos la descripción original con rasgos diagnósticos críticos, y confirmamos su estatus como especie distinta. Además, discutimos sus afinidades con cuatro especies con forma de vida y características vegetativas y reproductivas similares, en particular con caméfitas de páramo y subpáramo con el vástago principal muy corto y ramificado radialmente formando macollas. Se proporciona una clave para la identificación de estas especies, junto con registros fotográficos. Cabe destacar que muchas de las flores y frutos de H. radicans presentan cuatro o cinco carpelos, un rasgo inusual entre las especies neotropicales de Hypericum, en las que prevalecen tres carpelos. Finalmente, discutimos la evidente simpatría de las especies de Hypericum en los ecosistemas de alta montaña de la Cordillera Oriental de Colombia, y argumentamos en contra de especiación simpátrica como un factor clave para la diversificación del género en los Andes del norte.
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