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Effect of a pre-treatment with hydrochloric acid on the copper solubilization of a bornite concentrate with posterior leaching in chloride medium
Efecto de un pre-tratamiento con ácido clorhídrico en la solubilización de cobre desde un concentrado de bornita con posterior lixiviación en medio clorurado
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v89n223.100622Palabras clave:
copper concentrate; bornite; pre-treatment; acid leaching; chloride medium (en)concentrado de cobre; bornita; pre-tratamiento; lixiviación ácida; medio clorurado (es)
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The formation of soluble species from a bornite flotation concentrate pre-treated with hydrochloric acid was studied. Copper recovery after a leaching in a H2SO4-NaCl solution was determined. The influence of acid concentration and ore particle size were evaluated. Chemical and morphological characterization of the samples before and after the leaching were carried out by XRD and SEM to evaluate changes in the bornite. It was revealed that increasing acid concentration during the pre-treatment dramatically enhances the formation of soluble species, reaching in one case 49.0% of copper dissolution after 15 d of pretreatment and 24 h of leaching, both at 25 °C, without reducing the particle size of the concentrate. It was also revealed that the ore particle size did not affect the transformation rate into soluble species, due to the corrosive effect of HCl, which fractured and generated micro-pores on the surface of the particles studied.
Se estudió la formación de especies solubles desde un concentrado bornítico de flotación pre-tratado con ácido clorhídrico. Se determinó la recuperación de cobre luego de una lixiviación en solución ácido-clorurada. Se evaluó la influencia de la concentración de ácido y el tamaño de partícula del concentrado. Las muestras fueron caracterizadas química y morfológicamente antes y después de la lixiviación mediante SEM y DRX. Los resultados revelaron que aumentar la concentración de ácido durante el pre-tratamiento intensifica la formación de especies solubles, alcanzando en un caso un 49,0% de disolución de cobre tras 15 d de pretratamiento y 24 h de lixiviación, ambas a 25 °C, sin la necesidad de reducir el tamaño de partícula inicial. Se demostró que el tamaño de partícula no afecta la velocidad de transformación a especies solubles, debido al efecto corrosivo del HCl, el cual fracturó y generó microporos en la superficie de las partículas.
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