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Techno-economic models of hybrid systems with renewable energy for rural applications
Modelos técnico-económicos de sistemas híbridos con energías renovables para zonas rurales
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v90n226.106106Palabras clave:
systematic literature review; renewable energy; model; technical-economic; rural electrification; hybrid system (en)revisión sistemática de literatura; energía renovable; modelo; técnico-económico; electrificación rural; sistema híbrido (es)
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The decrease in oil production, the rise in environmental pollution, and the impending need to power areas in Colombia that do not currently have access to electricity have given the nation the task of finding new, decentralized, sustainable energy generation methods. Due to its favorable geographic location, renewable energy sources are a very appealing and affordable option in Colombia. This document presents a systematic literature review (SLR) developed to assess the recent techno-economic models and financial strategies in rural electrification using renewable energy systems. As a result, 19 documents were obtained, where the most informed funding sources included governmental, private and mixed shares. According to the information, the financial models were limited to estimate economic variables as levelized cost of electricity and net present cost. Finally, an emphasis on the need of governmental support to promote this kind of projects were reported.
El estancamiento de la producción petrolera, el incremento de la contaminación ambiental y la inminente necesidad de energizar las zonas que aún no poseen el recurso en Colombia, ha puesto el país en la tarea de buscar nuevas formas de generar energía de forma descentralizada, sostenible y asequible. La energía proveniente de fuentes renovables es una opción muy prometedora y asequible en Colombia, gracias a su favorecedora posición geográfica. En este documento se desarrolla una revisión sistemática de literatura (SLR), la cual pretende identificar los modelos tecno-económicos y las estrategias de financiación en la electrificación rural con energías renovables. De acuerdo al análisis de información de 19 documentos, las principales fuentes de financiación de los sistemas de generación son los sectores públicos, privados o mixtos, los modelos financieros empleados se limitan al cálculo de variables económicas como el costo nivelado de electricidad y el costo presente neto y se enfatiza en la necesidad de apoyos económicos gubernamentales que promuevan la ejecución de este tipo de proyectos.
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