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Comparison of mathematical models in reverse logistics: case of pesticide containers and packaging
Comparación de modelos matemáticos en la logística inversa: caso envases y empaques de plaguicidas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v90n228.108240Palabras clave:
reverse logistics; pesticide containers and packaging; quantitative tools; Project Management (en)logística inversa; envases y empaques plaguicidas; herramientas cuantitativas; gestión de proyectos (es)
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This article presents an analysis of the use of Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) and Discrete Event Simulation in reverse logistics networks, specifically applied to the process of collection and final disposal of empty pesticide containers and packaging in the Department of Boyacá- Colombia, which faces a problem due to the non-return and collection of all empty pesticide containers and packages generated by farmers. Due to the above, initially, a literature search on reverse logistics research is carried out, to subsequently propose a deterministic and stochastic model using linear programming and simulation respectively, to analyze which of these mathematical tools offers and represents better the process under study. The results show that the deterministic model offers better results in terms of planning the quantities to be collected in each of the farms, however, it does not contemplate the possible variations in different periods. On the contrary, the simulation, having a stochastic component, includes the variability of the generation of pesticide containers and packages, better identifying the bottlenecks that may occur in the process. In conclusion, it is evident that both models offer advantages for the reverse logistics process, where the ideal could be the combination of the deterministic with the stochastic.
Este artículo presenta un análisis del uso de la Programación Lineal Entera Mixta (MILP) y la Simulación de Eventos Discretos en redes de logística inversa, aplicado específicamente al proceso de recolección y disposición final de envases y empaques vacíos de plaguicidas en el Departamento de Boyacá- Colombia, el cual enfrenta un problema a causa de la no devolución y recolección de la totalidad de los envases y empaques vacíos de plaguicidas que generan los agricultores. Debido a lo anterior, inicialmente se realiza una búsqueda de literatura sobre investigaciones en logística inversa, para posteriormente proponer un modelo determinístico y estocástico haciendo uso de la programación lineal y la simulación respectivamente, con el objetivo de analizar cuál de estas herramientas matemáticas ofrecen y representan de mejor manera el proceso bajo estudio. Los resultados demuestran que el modelo determinístico ofrece mejores resultados en términos de planificación de las cantidades a recolectar en cada una de las fincas, sin embargo, no contempla las variaciones posibles en distintos periodos. Por el contrario, la simulación al tener un componente estocástico incluye la variabilidad de la generación de envases y empaques de plaguicidas, identificando de mejor forma los cuellos de botellas que se puedan presentar en el proceso. En conclusión, se evidencia que ambos modelos ofrecen ventajas para el proceso de logística inversa, donde el ideal podría ser la combinación de lo determinístico con lo estocástico.
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