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Ciberseguridad en la industria marítima: un análisis de las amenazas y desafíos emergentes
Cybersecurity in the maritime industry: an analysis of emerging threats and challenges
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v91n234.115964Palabras clave:
ciberataque, ciber amenaza, industria marítima, riesgos, buques (es)cyber-attack, cyber-threat, maritime industry, risks, vessels (en)
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La industria marítima enfrenta crecientes amenazas cibernéticas que ponen en riesgo la seguridad y eficiencia de sus operaciones. Por ello, el presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la ciberseguridad en la industria. Se utilizó la base de datos de SCOPUS y la metodología PRISMA aplicando criterios rigurosos de inclusión y exclusión para seleccionar los artículos relevantes. Los resultados de estos artículos muestran que las amenazas más comunes incluyen ataques a sistemas de navegación y manipulación de datos de carga. Los estudios revisados indican una preocupación creciente por la insuficiencia de normativas y la falta de formación en ciberseguridad. Además, se destaca la necesidad de mejorar las defensas cibernéticas mediante políticas robustas y cooperación internacional. Como conclusión, la industria marítima debe adoptar una postura proactiva y coordinada para enfrentar estos desafíos y asegurar la resiliencia de sus operaciones en el entorno digital.
The maritime industry faces increasing cyber threats that jeopardize the safety and efficiency of its operations. Therefore, the present study aims to analyze cybersecurity in this industry. We used SCOPUS databases and the PRISMA methodology, applying rigorous inclusion and exclusion criteria to select relevant articles. The results of these articles show that the most common threats include attacks on navigation systems and manipulation of cargo data. The reviewed studies indicate growing concern over insufficient regulations and lack of cybersecurity training. Additionally, it highlighted the need to improve cyber defenses through robust policies and international cooperation. In conclusion, the maritime industry must adopt a proactive and coordinated stance to address these challenges and ensure the resilience of its operations within the digital environment.
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