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Enhancing road safety: a comprehensive examination of critical factors
Mejorar la seguridad vial: un análisis exhaustivo de los factores críticos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v92n237.118997Palabras clave:
road safety, traffic accidents, human factors, highway design, vehicle maintenance, environmental factors, safety management, risk assessment (en)seguridad vial, accidentes de tráfico, factores humanos, diseño de carreteras, mantenimiento de vehículos, factores ambientales, gestión de la seguridad, evaluación de riesgos (es)
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The global road traffic safety situation is alarming, with millions of fatalities and injuries annually, underscoring the urgent need for improved safety measures. This study examines factors influencing highway safety, prioritizing them using the Relative Importance Index (RII). Through case evaluations, expert interviews, and a 29-criteria questionnaire grouped into road, vehicle, driver, and environmental factors, key issues were identified. The most critical factors include poorly designed roads (84.2%), malfunctioning brakes (83.4%), distracted driving (82.8%), and adverse weather (80.6%). These findings highlight the necessity of addressing fundamental road safety challenges to reduce accidents and their economic impacts. Proactive measures targeting infrastructure, vehicle maintenance, driver behavior, and environmental adaptability are essential for enhancing traffic safety worldwide.
La situación global de seguridad vial es alarmante, con millones de muertes y lesiones anuales, lo que subraya la necesidad urgente de mejorar las medidas de seguridad. Este estudio analiza los factores que influyen en la seguridad vial, priorizándolos mediante el Índice de Importancia Relativa (RII). Mediante evaluaciones de casos, entrevistas a expertos y un cuestionario de 29 criterios—agrupados en factores viales, vehiculares, humanos y ambientales—se identificaron problemas clave. Los factores más críticos incluyen diseño inadecuado de carreteras (84.2%), fallas en los frenos (83.4%), conducción distraída (82.8%) y condiciones climáticas adversas (80.6%). Estos hallazgos resaltan la necesidad de abordar desafíos fundamentales en seguridad vial para reducir accidentes y sus impactos económicos. Medidas proactivas enfocadas en infraestructura, mantenimiento vehicular, comportamiento del conductor y adaptación ambiental son esenciales para mejorar la seguridad vial a nivel global.
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