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Enhancing urban E-commerce efficiency: a fleet composition benchmark
Mejorando la eficiencia del comercio electrónico urbano: una referencia para la composición de flotas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v92n238.119019Palabras clave:
last-mile, heterogeneous fleet composition, E-commerce, low-emission vehicles, Monte Carlo simulation (en)última milla, composición heterogénea de flota, comercio electrónico, vehículos de bajas emisiones, simulación Monte Carlo (es)
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In Colombia’s competitive e-commerce market, accurately estimating last-mile delivery fleets is essential for reducing operational costs. The absence of comprehensive models with operational constraints leads to inefficient resource use and limits sustainable practices. This study proposes a heterogeneous fleet composition model to reduce costs and integrate electric and low-consumption vehicles. The methodology includes a literature review, operational characterization of the target company, and an optimization model for a tactical planning period. A Monte Carlo simulation evaluates demand uncertainty through various scenarios. Results indicate a 9.92% cost reduction and over 200% increase in electric vehicle usage within the fleet, supporting environmental goals. The proposed model offers a decision-making benchmark for Colombian e-commerce companies, enhancing competitiveness and contributing to reduced urban pollution.
En el competitivo mercado colombiano de comercio electrónico, estimar con precisión las flotas para la logística de última milla es clave para reducir los costos operativos. La falta de modelos integrales con restricciones operativas genera un uso ineficiente de recursos y limita prácticas sostenibles. Este estudio propone un modelo de composición de flota heterogénea orientado a disminuir costos e incorporar vehículos eléctricos y de bajo consumo. La metodología incluye una revisión bibliográfica, la caracterización operativa de la empresa objetivo y la formulación de un modelo de optimización para un periodo táctico de planificación. Mediante simulación Monte Carlo se evalúa la incertidumbre de la demanda en distintos escenarios. Los resultados muestran una reducción del 9,92 % en los costos y un aumento superior al 200 % en el uso de vehículos eléctricos, posicionando el modelo como una referencia para la toma de decisiones en empresas de comercio electrónico en Colombia, con beneficios económicos y ambientales.
Referencias
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