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Contribution of an asphalt pavement modified with TiO2 to the moderation of the Urban Heat Island (UHI)
Contribución de un pavimento asfáltico modificado con TiO2 a la moderación de la Isla de Calor Urbana (ICU)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v92n237.119489Palabras clave:
modified asphalt pavements, TiO2, urban heat island, albedo, aging, released energy (en)pavimentos de asfalto modificados, TiO2, isla de calor urbana, albedo, envejecimiento, energía liberada (es)
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Urban pavements, covering up to 40% of cities, intensify the Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon by impeding rainwater infiltration and absorbing solar radiation. High pavement temperatures increase urban energy demand and pollution. One important factor affecting pavement temperature is albedo. The higher the albedo, the less solar irradiation the pavement absorbs, and the cooler it remains. This study evaluates TiO2 incorporated into asphalt to enhance albedo. The thermal response of conventional and TiO2-modified pavements was monitored under natural sunlight. Opto-thermal properties were measured initially and after twelve months of outdoor exposure. An energy balance quantified the heat amount released to the environment for both pavements. Results demonstrate TiO2 effectiveness in reducing heat storage and improving radiative cooling over time. Additionally, the mechanical and rheological impacts of TiO2 on asphalt binders were analyzed. Cool pavements with TiO2 emerge as a viable UHI mitigation strategy, offering energy savings and enhanced urban sustainability.
Los pavimentos urbanos, que cubren hasta el 40% de las ciudades, intensifican el fenómeno de la Isla de Calor Urbana (ICU) al impedir la infiltración de agua de lluvia y absorber la radiación solar. Las altas temperaturas del pavimento aumentan la demanda energética urbana y la contaminación. Un factor importante que afecta la temperatura del pavimento es el albedo. Cuanto mayor es el albedo, menor es la radiación solar que absorbe el pavimento y más frío se mantiene. Este estudio evalúa el TiO2 incorporado al asfalto para mejorar el albedo. Se monitoreó la respuesta térmica de los pavimentos convencionales y modificados con TiO2 bajo la luz solar natural. Se midieron las propiedades opto-térmicas inicialmente y después de doce meses de exposición al aire libre. Un balance energético cuantificó la cantidad de calor liberado al ambiente para ambos pavimentos. Los resultados demuestran la eficacia del TiO2 para reducir el almacenamiento de calor y mejorar el enfriamiento radiativo con el tiempo. Además, se analizaron los impactos mecánicos y reológicos del TiO2 en los ligantes asfálticos. Los pavimentos fríos con TiO2 surgen como una estrategia viable de mitigación de UHI, que ofrece ahorros de energía y una mayor sostenibilidad urbana.
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