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Optical properties and density of commonly-used window glasses in Nigeria
Propiedades ópticas y densidad de los vidrios para ventanas de uso común en Nigeria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v93n242.123607Palabras clave:
Analysis of variance, Beer-Lambert law, Light absorption coefficient, Sunlight intensity, Transmittance (en)análisis de varianza, Ley de Beer-Lambert, coeficiente de absorción de luz, intensidad de la luz solar, transmitancia (es)
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Selection of appropriate window glasses to ensure improved safety and comfort of humans in buildings depends on the knowledge of density and optical properties respectively, of the glasses. Unfortunately, there is lack of scientific information on that, thus making this research a necessity to fill the knowledge gaps with regard to the new kinds of window glasses commonly used in modern buildings. Green, black tinted, plain (clear), brown tinted, black reflective, and blue reflective glasses were gathered from various buildings construction sites in each of the geo-political zones in Nigeria. The glasses were sorted based on their names, ensuring that those selected for a particular name were of uniform thickness. From the results of the tests conducted on the glass samples, it was found that black tinted had the least density (1698 kgm-3) followed by green with density of 1719 kgm-3. Statistically, one-way analysis of variance performed at p < 0.05 revealed significant differences between the intensity of transmitted sunlight and that of incident sunlight for all the studied glasses. The black reflective glass had the highest density (1886 kgm-3), least transmittance (0.175) and highest light absorption coefficient (0.436 mm- 1) indicating that it could outperform others for improved comfort and safety in modern building design.
La selección de vidrios adecuados para ventanas con el fin de garantizar una mayor seguridad y comodidad de las personas en los edificios depende del conocimiento de la densidad y de las propiedades ópticas de dichos materiales. Sin embargo, existe una escasez de información científica sobre estos aspectos, lo que hace necesaria esta investigación para cubrir las lagunas de conocimiento relacionadas con los nuevos tipos de vidrios para ventanas comúnmente utilizados en edificios modernos. Se recolectaron muestras de vidrios verde, polarizado negro, transparente (claro), polarizado marrón, reflectivo negro y reflectivo azul en diversos sitios de construcción ubicados en cada una de las zonas geopolíticas de Nigeria. Los vidrios fueron clasificados según su tipo, asegurando que las muestras seleccionadas para cada categoría presentaran un espesor uniforme. Los resultados de las pruebas realizadas mostraron que el vidrio polarizado negro presentó la menor densidad (1698 kg m−3), seguido por el vidrio verde con una densidad de 1719 kg m−3. Estadísticamente, el análisis de varianza de una vía realizado con un nivel de significancia de p < 0,05 reveló diferencias significativas entre la intensidad de la luz solar transmitida y la intensidad de la luz solar incidente para todos los tipos de vidrio estudiados. El vidrio reflectivo negro presentó la mayor densidad (1886 kg m−3), la menor transmitancia (0,175) y el mayor coeficiente de absorción de luz (0,436 mm−1), lo que indica que podría superar a los demás tipos de vidrio en términos de confort y seguridad en el diseño moderno de edificaciones.
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