Publicado

2026-07-27

Investigating and modeling of circulating current loss in high voltage towers grounding system

Investigación y modelado de pérdidas por corriente circulante en sistemas de puesta a tierra de torres de alta tensión

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v93n242.124890

Palabras clave:

circulating current, induced current, ground wire, grounding resistance, transmission lines, high voltage (en)
corriente circulante, corriente inducida, cable de tierra, resistencia de puesta a tierra, líneas de transmisión, alta tensión (es)

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In a 400-kV single-circuit high-voltage transmission line, the proximity of phase conductors induces a circulating current in the ground wire. These current forms a closed loop through the tower footing grounding system, which provides its return path [1]. In this study, the induced circulating current is modeled and analyzed. The modeling has been carried out in the MATLAB environment. The results indicate that the circulating current and the induced voltage on the ground wire exhibit an approximately linear relationship with the phase-conductor currents, and their magnitudes are influenced by the tower grounding resistance RRgg and soil resistivity ρρ. Furthermore, power losses in the ground wire reach significant levels under high current conditions. These findings highlight the importance of optimal grounding-system design, proper selection of ground-wire characteristics, and the implementation of methods for reducing circulating currents to enhance performance and reduce losses in high-voltage transmission lines. The results indicate that the circulating current and the induced voltage on the ground wire exhibit an approximately linear relationship with the phase conductor currents, and their magnitudes are influenced by the tower grounding resistance and soil resistivity . Furthermore, power losses in the ground wire reach significant levels under high current conditions. These findings highlight the importance of optimal grounding system design, proper selection of ground-wire characteristics, and the implementation of methods for reducing circulating currents to enhance performance and reduce losses in high-voltage transmission lines.

En una línea de transmisión de alta tensión de circuito único de 400 kV, la proximidad de los conductores de fase induce una corriente circulante en el conductor de tierra. Esta corriente forma un circuito cerrado a través del sistema de puesta a tierra de la base de la torre, que proporciona su ruta de retorno [1]. En este estudio, se modela y analiza la corriente circulante inducida. El modelado se realizó en el entorno MATLAB.Los resultados indican que la corriente circulante y la tensión inducida en el conductor de tierra presentan una relación aproximadamente lineal con las corrientes de los conductores de fase, y sus magnitudes se ven influenciadas por la resistencia de puesta a tierra de la torre R_g y la resistividad del suelo ρ. Además, las pérdidas de potencia en el conductor de tierra alcanzan niveles significativos en condiciones de alta corriente. Estos hallazgos resaltan la importancia de un diseño óptimo del sistema de puesta a tierra, una selección adecuada de las características del conductor de tierra y la implementación de métodos para reducir las corrientes circulantes con el fin de mejorar el rendimiento y reducir las pérdidas en las líneas de transmisión de alta tensión.

Referencias

[1] Dooley, M., Mraz, J., Findley, A., Lewis, D., and Mooney, J., Grounding considerations for transmission line protection, 2019 72nd Conference for Protective Relay Engineers (CPRE). College Station, TX, USA, pp. 1-10, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/CPRE.2019.8765866.

[2] Zhang, B., He, J., and Jiang, Y., Safety performance of large grounding grid with fault current injected from multiple grounding points. In IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 51(6), pp. 5116-5122, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2015.2413965

[3] Hu, H., Richeng, L., Mengge, F., Shuiling, Z. and Feiyu H., A new optimization design for grounding grid. International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems, 2019.

[4] Abdel-Salam, M., Ahmed, A., Nayel, M., and Zidan, A., Surface potential and resistance of grounding grid systems in homogeneous soil. Electric Power Components and Systems, 35(10), pp. 1093–1109, 2007. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15325000701297109

[5] Zajc, M., Suljanovic, N., Mujcic A., and Tasic, J.F., Frequency characteristics measurement of overhead high-voltage power-line in low radio-frequency range. In IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 22(4), pp. 2142-2149, 2007. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRD.2007.905369.

[6] Datta, A.J., Taylor, R., Will, G., and Ledwich, G., An investigation of earth grid performance using graphene-coated copper. In IEEE Access, 3, pp. 1042-1050, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2015.2454295.

[7] Li, J., Su, H., Chai, F., et al., Simulated corrosion test of Q235 steel in diatomite soil., J., Iron Steel Res. Int. 22, pp. 352–360, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1006-706X(15)30011-X

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[9] Zajc, M., Suljanovic, N., Mujcic A., and Tasic, J.F., Frequency characteristics measurement of overhead high-voltage power-line in low radio-frequency range. In IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 22(4), pp. 2142-2149, 2007. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRD.2007.905369.

[10] IEEE Guide for improving the lightning performance of electric power overhead distribution lines. In IEEE Std 1410-2010 (Revision of IEEE Std 1410-2004), pp.1-73, art. 3, 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEESTD.2011.5706451.3

[11] Siemens Energy, Line surge arresters for transmission systems, Siemens Technical Brochure, [online]. 2020. Available at: https://www.siemens-energy.com/global/en/offerings/line-surge-arresters.html

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Cómo citar

IEEE

[1]
A. R. Safaie-Majd, M. Farajzadeh, y A. Shemshadi, «Investigating and modeling of circulating current loss in high voltage towers grounding system», DYNA, vol. 93, n.º 242, pp. 24–28, jul. 2026.

ACM

[1]
Safaie-Majd, A.R., Farajzadeh, M. y Shemshadi, A. 2026. Investigating and modeling of circulating current loss in high voltage towers grounding system. DYNA. 93, 242 (jul. 2026), 24–28. DOI:https://doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v93n242.124890.

ACS

(1)
Safaie-Majd, A. R.; Farajzadeh, M.; Shemshadi, A. Investigating and modeling of circulating current loss in high voltage towers grounding system. DYNA 2026, 93, 24-28.

APA

Safaie-Majd, A. R., Farajzadeh, M. & Shemshadi, A. (2026). Investigating and modeling of circulating current loss in high voltage towers grounding system. DYNA, 93(242), 24–28. https://doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v93n242.124890

ABNT

SAFAIE-MAJD, A. R.; FARAJZADEH, M.; SHEMSHADI, A. Investigating and modeling of circulating current loss in high voltage towers grounding system. DYNA, [S. l.], v. 93, n. 242, p. 24–28, 2026. DOI: 10.15446/dyna.v93n242.124890. Disponível em: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/dyna/article/view/124890. Acesso em: 10 ago. 2026.

Chicago

Safaie-Majd, Ali Reza, Mahdi Farajzadeh, y Asaad Shemshadi. 2026. «Investigating and modeling of circulating current loss in high voltage towers grounding system». DYNA 93 (242):24-28. https://doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v93n242.124890.

Harvard

Safaie-Majd, A. R., Farajzadeh, M. y Shemshadi, A. (2026) «Investigating and modeling of circulating current loss in high voltage towers grounding system», DYNA, 93(242), pp. 24–28. doi: 10.15446/dyna.v93n242.124890.

MLA

Safaie-Majd, A. R., M. Farajzadeh, y A. Shemshadi. «Investigating and modeling of circulating current loss in high voltage towers grounding system». DYNA, vol. 93, n.º 242, julio de 2026, pp. 24-28, doi:10.15446/dyna.v93n242.124890.

Turabian

Safaie-Majd, Ali Reza, Mahdi Farajzadeh, y Asaad Shemshadi. «Investigating and modeling of circulating current loss in high voltage towers grounding system». DYNA 93, no. 242 (julio 17, 2026): 24–28. Accedido agosto 10, 2026. https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/dyna/article/view/124890.

Vancouver

1.
Safaie-Majd AR, Farajzadeh M, Shemshadi A. Investigating and modeling of circulating current loss in high voltage towers grounding system. DYNA [Internet]. 17 de julio de 2026 [citado 10 de agosto de 2026];93(242):24-8. Disponible en: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/dyna/article/view/124890

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