Publicado

2016-09-01

Use of white rot fungi in the degradation of an azo dye from the textile industry

Utilización de hongos de la podredumbre blanca en la degradación de un colorante tipo azo de la industria textile

Palabras clave:

Solid-state fermentation, white-rot fungi, basic red 46, banana peel. (en)
Fermentación en estado sólido, hongos de podredumbre blanca, rojo básico 46, cascara de banano. (es)

Autores/as

Textile industry effluents—a complex mix of chemicals, among which colorants are of particular concern—impose great environmental challenges. In this study, a full 23 factorial design was used for determining the best conditions for the degradation of textile dye Basic Red 46 under solid state fermentation (SSF). Three white rot fungi Trametes versicolor, Pleurotus ostreatus, and Pleurotus pulmonarius were used in the fermentation process. A maximum degradation percentage of 63.0% was achieved at 17 days of incubation with T. versicolor under a moisture content of 90%, carbon to nitrogen ratio of 12: 1, and at 20°C. P. ostreatus and P. pulmonarius reached a maximum degradation percentage of 69.3% and 63.1%, respectively, after 25 days of fermentation. The scale-up of the fermentation process using T. versicolor led to a degradation percentage of 45.7% after 30 days of incubation. Additionally, the enzyme activity of laccase, manganese peroxidase and lignin peroxidase was measured. The results indicate that SSF offers a satisfactory degradation, whose efficiency depends on the optimization of process conditions.
Los efluentes de la industria textil imponen grandes retos ambientales. Estos son una mezcla compleja de productos químicos, donde colorantes son de particular interés. En este estudio, se implementó un diseño factorial completo 23 para establecer las condiciones más apropiadas para la degradación del rojo básico 46 bajo fermentación en estado sólido, FES. Tres hongos de podredumbre blanca Trametes versicolor, Pleurotus ostreatus y Pleurotus pulmonarius fueron utilizados en el proceso de fermentación. Se alcanzó una degradación máxima de 63.0% a los 17 días de incubación con T. versicolor con una humedad del 90%, proporción carbono:nitrógeno de 12:1 y a 20°C. P. ostreatus y P. pulmonarius alcanzaron porcentajes máximos de degradación del 69.3% y 63.1% respectivamente luego de 25 días de fermentación. El escalado del proceso con T. versicolor condujo a una degradación del 45.7% a los 30 días de incubación. Adicionalmente, se cuantificó la actividad de las enzimas lacasa, manganeso peroxidasa y lignina peroxidasa. Los resultados señalan que la FES ofrece una degradación satisfactoria, cuya eficiencia depende de la optimización de las condiciones del proceso.

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