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Comparisson of three IRP-based models to reduce logistics costs and greenhouse gas emissions
Comparación de tres modelos basados en el IRP para reducir costos logísticos y emisiones de gases efecto invernadero
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v85n205.68282Palabras clave:
goods distribution, multiobjective model, collaborative inventory, Greenhouse Gases (en)distribución de mercancías, modelo multiobjetivo, inventario colaborativo, Gases de efecto invernadero (es)
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Goods distribution processes must reconcile the economic interests of the companies, which seek higher levels of profitability through costs reduction and service level improvements, with the negative impacts to society and environment, such as chemical pollution and the generation of vehicular congestion and accidents. This article presents the comparison of three models that analyze the logistics costs associated with the distribution of goods and the greenhouse gas emissions generated by such processes. These models use the Vehicle Routing Problem (IRP) as the basis for optimizing the logistics activities, from which, through multi-objective approaches the CO2 emissions are analyzed. As the main result of the article, it can be observed that the multiobjective models allow finding an adequate combination between logistics costs and emissions, which is attractive to companies and society.
Los procesos de distribución de mercancías deben conciliar los intereses económicos de las empresas, que buscan mayores niveles de rentabilidad a través de disminución de los costos y mejoras del nivel de servicio, con los impactos negativos que se producen a la sociedad y al medio ambiente, como es el caso de la contaminación química y problemas de calidad de vida, como la generación de congestión vehicular y accidentes. En este articulo se presenta la comparación de tres modelos que analizan los costos logísticos asociados a la distribución de mercancías y las emisiones de gases efecto invernado que generan dicho procesos. Estos modelos utilizan el Problema de Ruteo de Vehículos (IRP) como base para optimizar las actividades logísticas, a partir del cual, mediante enfoques multobjetivo se analizan las emisiones de CO2. Como principal resultado del articulo se observa que los modelos multiobjetivo permiten encontrar una combinación adecuada entre los costos logísticos y las emisiones, que sea atractivo para empresas y la sociedad.
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