Publicado

2019-01-01

Design and implementation of a low-cost device for measuring sap flow in woody species

Diseño e implementación de un dispositivo de bajo costo para la medición de flujo de savia en especies leñosas

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v86n208.72039

Palabras clave:

plant transpiration, alternatives for CR1000, datalogger, Arduino, heat pulse method, importation substitution (en)
transpiración de plantas, alternativa a CR1000, registrador de datos, Arduino, método con pulsos de calor, sustitución de importaciones. (es)

Autores/as

Transpiration is a key variable in water balance. Sap flow measurement methods allow to estimate transpiration at plant level, but scalable at the stand, river basin or ecosystem level. This requires recording data continuously, for which there are commercial devices, but they are specialized and expensive. This document shows that it is possible to integrate a data capture, management and storage system, as a counterpart to a commercial system such as Campbell's CR-100, for measuring and recording environmental variables, with a notable reduction in costs. The methodology used to develop a device for the estimation of sap flow using the heat ratio method, the design of the Arduino-based  electronic circuit and the software, with register 13-64-171 of the Dirección Nacional de Derechos de Autor, is presented.

La transpiración es una variable fundamental en el balance hídrico. Los métodos de medición de flujo de savia permiten estimar la transpiración a nivel de planta, pero escalable a nivel de rodal, cuenca hidrográfica o ecosistema. Para ello se requiere registrar datos de manera continua, para lo cual existen dispositivos comerciales, pero son especializados y de alto costo. En este documento se muestra que es posible integrar un sistema de captura, gestión y almacenamiento de datos, homólogo a un sistema comercial como es el CR-100 de Campbell para la medición y registro de variables ambientales, con una notable reducción en los costos. Se presenta la metodología con la que se desarrolló un dispositivo para la estimación del flujo de savia usando el método de proporción de calor, el diseño del circuito electrónico basado en Arduino y el código del software, con registro 13-64-171 de la Dirección Nacional de Derechos de Autor.

Referencias

Vélez, J.I., Poveda, G. y Mesa, O., Balances hidrológicos de Colombia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Minas, Medellín, 2000.

Poveda, G., Velez, J.I. y Mesa, O.J., Hidrología de Colombia. Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Minas, Medellín, 2012.

Barco, J., Cuartas, A., Mesa, O., Poveda, G., Vélez, J.I., Mantilla, R., Hoyos, C., Mejía, J.F., Botero, B. y Montoya, M., Estimación de la evaporación en Colombia. Avances en Recursos Hidráulicos, 7, pp. 43-51, 2000.

Jasechko, S., Sharp, Z.D., Gibson, J.J., Birks, S.J., Yi, Y. and Fawcett, P.J., Terrestrial water fluxes dominated by transpiration. Nature 496, pp. 347-350. 2013. DOI: 10.1038/nature11983

Vandegehuchte, M.W. and Steppe, K., Sap-flux density measurement methods: working principles and applicability. Funct. Plant Biol. 40, pp. 213-223, 2013.

Granier, A., Une nouvelle méthode pour la mesure du flux de sève brute dans le tronc des arbres. Ann Sci For. 42, pp. 193-200, 1985. DOI: 10.1051/forest:19850204

Granier, A., Biron, P., Bréda, N., Pontailler, J.Y. and Saugier, B., Transpiration of trees and forest stands: short and long-term monitoring using sap flow methods. Glob. Chang. Biol. 2, pp. 265-274, 1996.

Hatton, T., Integration of sap flow velocity to estimate plant water use. Tree Physiol. 6, pp. 201-209, 1990.

Goldstein, G., Andrade, J.L., Meinzer, F.C., Holbrook, N.M., Cavelier, J., Jackson, P. and Celis, A., Stem water storage and diurnal patterns of water use in tropical forest canopy trees. Plant. Cell Environ. 21, pp. 397-406, 1998.

Becker, P., Limitations of a compensation heat pulse velocity system at low sap flow: implications for measurements at night and in shaded trees. Tree Physiol. 18, pp. 177-184, 1998.

Burgess, S., Adams, M.A., Turner, N.C., Beverly, C.R., Ong, C.K., Khan, A.A.H. and Bleby, T.M., An improved heat pulse method to measure low and reverse rates of sap flow in woody plants. Tree Physiol. 21, pp. 589-598, 2001. DOI: 10.1093/treephys/21.9.589

Bleby, T.M., Burgess, S. and Adams, M.A., A validation, comparison and error analysis of two heat-pulse methods for measuring sap flow in Eucalyptus marginata saplings. Funct Plant Biol. 31, pp. 645-658, 2004.

Bruijnzeel, L.A., Mulligan, M. and Scatena, F.N., Hydrometeorology of tropical montane cloud forests: emerging patterns. Hydrol. Process. 25, pp. 465-498, 2011. DOI: 10.1002/hyp.7974

Hernandez-Santana, V., Asbjornsen, H., Sauer, T., Isenhart, T., Schilling, K. and Schultz, R., Enhanced transpiration by riparian buffer trees in response to advection in a humid temperate agricultural landscape. For. Ecol. Manage. 261, pp. 1415-1427, 2011. DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2011.01.027

Gotsch, S.G., Asbjornsen, H., Holwerda, F., Goldsmith, G.R., Weintraub, A.E. and Dawson, T.E., Foggy days and dry nights determine crown-level water balance in a seasonal tropical montane cloud forest. Plant, Cell Environ. 37, pp. 261-272, 2014. DOI: 10.1111/pce.12151

Cárdenas, M.F., Gutiérrez-López, J.A. y McIntire, C., Medición de flujo de savia - Método de pulso de calor. Manual de construcción de sensores. Durham, New Hampshire. 2014. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.1.4746.8008

Texas Instruments. CD405xB Family Datasheet. Single 8-Channel Analog Multiplexer/Demultiplexer with Logic.Level Conversion. Texas Instrument Incorporated, Texas, 2017, 37 P.

Analog Devices, AD594/AD595 Family Datasheet. Monolithic Thermocouple Amplifiers with Cold Junction Compensation. Analog Devices, Norwood, 1999, 8 P.

Microchip. MCP6041/2/3/4 Family Datasheet. Microchip Technology Inc., Chandler, Arizona, 2013, 40 P.

Maxim Integrated. DS1307 64x8 Datasheet. Real-Time Clock. 2015, 14 P.

Cooper, T., DS1307 Real Time Clock Breakout Board Kit, 2016.

Lady Ada. Micro SD Card Breakout Board Tutorial Datasheet.” Adafruit, p. 24, 2017.

On Semiconductor. 2N3903, 2N3904 General Purpose Transistors Datasheet.” On Semiconductor, Denver, 2013, 7 P.

Fairchild. KA78XXE / KA78XXAE 3-Terminal 1A positive voltage regulator Datasheet. Aurora, Colorado, 2015, 29 P.

Dulov, V.A., Compact Low-cost Arduino-based Buoy for Sea Surface Wave Measurements. In: 2017 Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium - Fall (PIERS - FALL), Singapore, 2017, pp. 2315-2322. DOI: 10.1109/PIERS-FALL.2017.8293523

Autodesk. PCB Design - Schematic Software | EAGLE | Autodesk, 2018. [Online]. [Accessed: March 21th of 2018]. Available at: https://www.autodesk.com/products/eagle/overview

Conseil, H., Gudla, V.C., Jellesen, M.S. and Ambat, R., Humidity build-up in a typical electronic enclosure exposed to cycling conditions and effect on corrosion reliability. IEEE Trans. Components, Packag. Manuf. Technol. 6, pp. 1379-1388, 2016. DOI: 10.1109/TCPMT.2016.2590779

Cárdenas, M.F., Tobón, C., Rock, B.N. and del Valle, J.I., Ecophysiology of frailejones (Espeletia spp.), and its contribution to the hydrological functioning of páramo ecosystems. Plant Ecol. 219, pp. 185-198, 2018. DOI: 10.1007/s11258-017-0787-x

Niglas, A., Kupper, P., Tullus, A. and Sellin, A., Responses of sap flow, leaf gas exchange and growth of hybrid aspen to elevated atmospheric humidity under field conditions. AoB Plants Advance Ac., 2014.

Asbjornsen, H., Goldsmith, G., Alvarado, M., Rebel, K., Van-Osch, F., Rietkerk, M., Chen, J., Gotsch, S., Tobón, C., Geissert, D., Gómez-Tagle, A., Vache, K. and Dawson, T., Ecohydrological advances and applications in plant-water relations research: a review. J. Plant Ecol. 4, pp. 3-22, 2011. DOI: 10.109.3/jpe/rtr005

Rodríguez-Iturbe, I., Ecohydrology: a hydrologic perspective of climate-soil-vegetation dynamics. Water Resour. Res. 36, pp. 3-9, 2000.

Sebasti, J. and Alejandro, G., Design, construction and testing of a data transmission system for a mid-power rocket model. IEEE Aerosp. Conf., 2017.

Yip, Y.Z., Zhu, Z. and Chan, Y., Reliability of wearable electronics - Case of water proof tests on smartwatch, 2017, pp. 1-5.

Engelien, E., Beshchasna, N., Braunschweig, M., Uhlemann, J. and Wolter, K.J., Property evaluations of polymers used as housing material for passivation of electronic devices. Proc. - 2008 2nd Electron. Syst. Technol. Conf. ESTC, 2008, pp. 259-263. DOI: 10.1109/ESTC.2008.4684359

Conseil-Gudla, H., Hamm, G., Muller, L., Hain, M. and Ambat, R., Experimental study of moisture ingress in first and second levels of electronic housings. In: IEEE Trans. Components, Packag. Manuf. Technol., 2018, pp. 1-10. DOI: 10.1109/TCPMT.2018.2799233

Cómo citar

IEEE

[1]
M. F. Cárdenas, C. López Ramírez, J. D. Mejía, y J. F. Escobar, «Design and implementation of a low-cost device for measuring sap flow in woody species», DYNA, vol. 86, n.º 208, pp. 214–220, ene. 2019.

ACM

[1]
Cárdenas, M.F., López Ramírez, C., Mejía, J.D. y Escobar, J.F. 2019. Design and implementation of a low-cost device for measuring sap flow in woody species. DYNA. 86, 208 (ene. 2019), 214–220. DOI:https://doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v86n208.72039.

ACS

(1)
Cárdenas, M. F.; López Ramírez, C.; Mejía, J. D.; Escobar, J. F. Design and implementation of a low-cost device for measuring sap flow in woody species. DYNA 2019, 86, 214-220.

APA

Cárdenas, M. F., López Ramírez, C., Mejía, J. D. & Escobar, J. F. (2019). Design and implementation of a low-cost device for measuring sap flow in woody species. DYNA, 86(208), 214–220. https://doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v86n208.72039

ABNT

CÁRDENAS, M. F.; LÓPEZ RAMÍREZ, C.; MEJÍA, J. D.; ESCOBAR, J. F. Design and implementation of a low-cost device for measuring sap flow in woody species. DYNA, [S. l.], v. 86, n. 208, p. 214–220, 2019. DOI: 10.15446/dyna.v86n208.72039. Disponível em: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/dyna/article/view/72039. Acesso em: 14 mar. 2026.

Chicago

Cárdenas, María Fernanda, Cristina López Ramírez, Juan Diego Mejía, y Jhon Fredy Escobar. 2019. «Design and implementation of a low-cost device for measuring sap flow in woody species». DYNA 86 (208):214-20. https://doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v86n208.72039.

Harvard

Cárdenas, M. F., López Ramírez, C., Mejía, J. D. y Escobar, J. F. (2019) «Design and implementation of a low-cost device for measuring sap flow in woody species», DYNA, 86(208), pp. 214–220. doi: 10.15446/dyna.v86n208.72039.

MLA

Cárdenas, M. F., C. López Ramírez, J. D. Mejía, y J. F. Escobar. «Design and implementation of a low-cost device for measuring sap flow in woody species». DYNA, vol. 86, n.º 208, enero de 2019, pp. 214-20, doi:10.15446/dyna.v86n208.72039.

Turabian

Cárdenas, María Fernanda, Cristina López Ramírez, Juan Diego Mejía, y Jhon Fredy Escobar. «Design and implementation of a low-cost device for measuring sap flow in woody species». DYNA 86, no. 208 (enero 1, 2019): 214–220. Accedido marzo 14, 2026. https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/dyna/article/view/72039.

Vancouver

1.
Cárdenas MF, López Ramírez C, Mejía JD, Escobar JF. Design and implementation of a low-cost device for measuring sap flow in woody species. DYNA [Internet]. 1 de enero de 2019 [citado 14 de marzo de 2026];86(208):214-20. Disponible en: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/dyna/article/view/72039

Descargar cita

CrossRef Cited-by

CrossRef citations3

1. Justin Beslity, Stephen B. Shaw, John E. Drake, Jason Fridley, John C. Stella, Jordan Stark, Kanishka Singh. (2022). A low cost, low power sap flux device for distributed and intensive monitoring of tree transpiration. HardwareX, 12, p.e00351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ohx.2022.e00351.

2. Juan Carlos Suárez, Fernando Casanoves, Marie Ange Ngo Bieng, Luz Marina Melgarejo, Julio A. Di Rienzo, Cristina Armas. (2021). Prediction model for sap flow in cacao trees under different radiation intensities in the western Colombian Amazon. Scientific Reports, 11(1) https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89876-z.

3. Ana Milena López Aguirre, Alonso Barrios-Trilleras. (2024). Diseño y calibración de un dispositivo de bajo costo para la medición del flujo de savia en especies forestales. Tecnura, 28(81), p.123. https://doi.org/10.14483/22487638.22220.

Dimensions

PlumX

Visitas a la página del resumen del artículo

766

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.