Publicado

2019-10-01

Characterization of electric faults in photovoltaic array systems

Caracterización de fallas eléctricas en sistemas fotovoltaicos

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v86n211.79085

Palabras clave:

photovoltaic array, electric faults, line-to-line faults, ground faults, open circuit faults, characterization of electric faults, voltage and power curves (en)
arreglo fotovoltaico, fallas eléctricas, fallas de línea a línea, fallas de conexión a tierra, fallas de circuito abierto, caracterización de fallas eléctricas, curvas de voltaje y potencia (es)

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Electric faults in photovoltaic (PV) systems cause negative economic and safety impacts, reducing their performance and causing unwanted electric connections that can be dangerous for the user. Line to line, ground and open circuit faults, are three of the main faults that happen in a photovoltaic array system. This work proposes a characterization of the equivalent circuits and the voltage-power (VP) curves at the output of multiple PV arrays under different topological configurations and fault conditions to evaluate the effects of these three main faults on the performance of a photovoltaic array system, taking into account the temperature and solar radiation influence. This work presents a validation of the characterization by measuring the output VP curves of a low-power photovoltaic array system under real outdoors conditions. This method can be useful in future works to develop low cost systems capable of detecting and classifying electric faults in photovoltaic array systems.
Las fallas eléctricas en los sistemas fotovoltaicos causan impactos negativos en la economía y la seguridad, reduciendo el desempeño del sistema y generando conexiones eléctricas indeseadas que pueden ser peligrosas para el usuario. Las fallas de línea a línea, conexión a tierra y circuito abierto, son tres de las principales fallas eléctricas que se pueden presentar en un arreglo fotovoltaico. Este artículo propone una caracterización de los efectos que generan las tres fallas mencionadas en el desempeño del sistema fotovoltaico por medio de un análisis de los circuitos equivalentes y las curvas de voltaje-potencia (VP) que se obtienen frente a diferentes fallas, topologías en el arreglo, condiciones de temperatura y radiación solar, a partir del modelo eléctrico de una celda solar con un solo diodo. El método propuesto fue validado usando arreglos fotovoltaicos de baja potencia en condiciones reales en exteriores. Este método puede ser aplicado a trabajos futuros para desarrollar un sistema capaz de detectar y clasificar fallas eléctricas en arreglos de paneles solares.

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[1]
“Caracterización de fallas eléctricas en sistemas fotovoltaicos”, DYNA, vol. 86, no. 211, pp. 54–63, Oct. 2019, doi: 10.15446/dyna.v86n211.79085.

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