Composite materials reinforced with ceramic waste and matrix of unsaturated polyester for applications in the automotive industry
Materiales compuestos reforzados con residuos cerámicos y matriz de poliéster insaturado para aplicaciones en la industria automotriz
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v87n212.81483Palabras clave:
composites materials, automotive industry, finite element method, scanning electron microscopy, prototype (en)arcilla sinterizada, materiales compuestos, industria automotriz, método de elementos finitos, microscopía electrónica de barrido, prototipo (es)
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In the present investigation an alternative of recycling was evaluated for the residues derived from defective pieces of the ceramic industry, harnessing them as reinforcement in composite materials for the manufacture of parts used in the automotive sector. Sintered clay microparticles to 10% p/p were mixed in an unsaturated polyester resin matrix, through the cast molding technique. Bending tests were performed that showed an elastic-linear behavior, typical of a fragile material. The structure was analyzed through scanning electron microscopy, checking the fragile failure mechanism and a good dispersion of the microparticles. A simulation was carried out with the finite element method, for the design of a motorcycle brake lever, with results that demonstrate a better distribution of stresses and reduction in mass with respect to the original part. Finally, a prototype brake lever was manufactured using computationally validated geometry.
En la presente investigación se evalúo una alternativa de reciclaje para los residuos derivados de piezas defectuosas de la industria cerámica, aprovechándolos como refuerzo en materiales compuestos para la manufactura de partes utilizadas en el sector automotriz. Se mezclaron micropartículas de arcilla sinterizada al 10% en peso en una matriz de resina de poliéster insaturado, mediante la técnica de moldeo por colado. Se realizaron pruebas de flexión que mostraron un comportamiento elástico-lineal, propias de un material frágil. Se analizó la estructura a través de la microscopía electrónica de barrido, verificando el mecanismo de falla frágil y una buena dispersión de las micropartículas. Se llevó a cabo una simulación con el método de elementos finitos, para el diseño de una leva de freno de una motocicleta, con resultados que demuestran una mejor distribución de los esfuerzos y reducción en la masa con respecto a la pieza original. Finalmente, se fabricó un prototipo de leva de freno, utilizando la geometría validada computacionalmente.
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