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Biogenerated Polymers: An Enviromental Alternative
Polímeros biogenerados: una alternativa ambiental
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v87n214.82163Palabras clave:
Chitosan, Starch, Polybutylene succyanate, Polylactic acid (en)Quitosano, Almidón, Succianato de polibutileno, Ácido poliláctico (es)
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Biogenerated polymers are of great interest in industry in general, due to the trend of reduced use of petroleum-derived materials. However, their development costs are high and the benefit is still low. Currently, biodegradable alternatives are available from biogenerated polymers approximately 10% of the plastics market. Its consumption is estimated at 50,000 tons/year in Europe, with a share of less than 1%. In this order of ideas, the objective of this revision is to show the importance of the production of biogenerated polymers in the manufacture of biodegradable materials, from their formulation that contains macromolecules of natural origin such as oligomers or monomers. To this purpose, we will discuss topics related to several types of biogenerated polymers, such as chitosan, starch, polybutylene succyanate and polylactic acid, which have been used for the development of biogenerated polymeric materials by different research groups.
En general los polímeros biogenerados son de gran interés para la industria, debido a la tendencia a reducir el uso de materiales derivados del petróleo. Sin embargo, sus costos de desarrollo son altos y el beneficio es todavía bajo. En la actualidad, se dispone de alternativas biodegradables de polímeros biogenerados en aproximadamente el 10% del mercado de plásticos. Su consumo se estima en 50.000 ton/año en Europa, con una cuota inferior al 1%. En este orden de ideas, el objetivo de esta revisión es mostrar la importancia de la producción de polímeros biogenerados en la fabricación de materiales biodegradables, a partir de su formulación que contiene macromoléculas de origen natural como oligómeros o monómeros. Con este fin, examinaremos temas relacionados con varios tipos de polímeros biogenerados, como el quitosano, el almidón, el succinato de polibutileno y el ácido poliláctico, que han sido utilizados para el desarrollo de materiales poliméricos biogenerados por diferentes grupos de investigación.
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