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Modification of Charpy machine for the acquisition of stress-strain curve in thermoplastics
Modificación de máquina Charpy para la adquisición de la curva esfuerzo-deformación en termoplásticos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v87n213.83469Palabras clave:
Mechanical properties, thermoplastics, tension-impact testing equipment, computational simulation LS-DYNA (en)Propiedades mecánicas, termoplásticos, equipo de pruebas de impacto-tensión, simulación computacional en LS-DYNA (es)
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Simulations of impact events in the automotive industry are now common practice. Vehicle crashworthiness simulations on plastic components cover a wide range of strain rates from 0.01 to 500 s-1. Because plastics mechanical properties are very dependent on strain rate, developing experimental methods for generating stress-strain curves at this strain rate range is of great technological importance. In this paper, a modified Charpy machine capable of acquiring useful information to obtain the stress-strain curve is presented. Strain rates between 300 to 400 s-1 were achieved. Three thermoplastics were tested: high-density polyethylene, polypropylene-copolymer and polypropylene-homopolymer. Impact simulations using LS-DYNA were performed using the acquired high-strain rates stress-strain curves and compared with experimental data. Simulations using stress-strain curves from quasi-static tests were also performed for comparison. Very good agreement between the simulation and experimental results was found when the ASTM D1822 type S specimen was used for testing each material.
Las simulaciones de impacto en la industria automotriz son ahora una práctica común. Simulaciones de componentes plásticos en choques de vehículos cubren una amplia gama de velocidades de deformaciones de 0.01 a 500 s-1. Debido a que las propiedades mecánicas de los plásticos dependen de la velocidad de deformación, el desarrollo de métodos experimentales para generar curvas de esfuerzo-deformación en este rango de velocidad es de gran importancia tecnológica. En este artículo, se presenta una máquina Charpy modificada capaz de adquirir información útil para obtener la curva de esfuerzo-deformación. Se lograron tasas de deformación entre 300 y 400 s-1. Se probaron tres termoplásticos: polietileno de alta densidad, polipropileno copolímero y polipropileno homopolímero. Simulaciones de impacto utilizando LS-DYNA se realizaron utilizando las curvas de alta velocidad de deformación adquiridas y se compararon con datos experimentales. También se realizaron simulaciones utilizando curvas de esfuerzo-deformación de pruebas cuasiestáticas para comparación. Se encontraron muy buenos resultados entre la simulación y los resultados experimentales cuando se usó la muestra ASTM D1822 tipo S para analizar cada material.
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