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Identification and analysis of pathological defect appearance in superstructures of reinforced-concrete bridges in Chapare region, Bolivia
Identificación y análisis de las manifestaciones patológicas en la superestructura de puentes de concreto armado en la región de Chapare, Bolivia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v88n216.88247Palabras clave:
Inspection, sclerometer, carbonation depth, core extraction. (en)Inspección, esclerómetro, profundidad de carbonatación, extracción de núcleos. (es)
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The objective of this article is to identify and analyze the main pathological manifestations in bridges in the Chapare - Bolivia region, an area characterized by high humidity and constant rainfall throughout the year. The methodology consisted of the selection of five bridges that showed evident signs of deterioration, in which a visual inspection was carried out and, subsequently, different tests: sclerometer, carbonation depth, penetration of chlorides and core extraction. All the bridges present advanced states of deterioration; highlighting corrosion as the main problem, generating detachment of the concrete and risk of collapse. Although the concrete has a compression strength greater than 30 MPa, the existing carbonation process and the different problems encountered compromises it. It is necessary that the entities in charge provide inspection and maintenance programs according to the environmental and structural characteristics of each bridge.
El objetivo del presente artículo es identificar y analizar las principales manifestaciones patológicas en puentes de la región de Chapare – Bolivia, zona caracterizada por elevada humedad y constantes lluvias durante todo el año. La metodología consistió en la selección de cinco puentes que presentaban señales evidentes de deterioro, en los cuales se realizó una inspección visual y, posteriormente, diferentes ensayos: esclerómetro, profundidad de carbonatación, penetración de cloruros y extracción de núcleos. Los resultados muestran que todos los puentes presentan estados avanzados de deterioro; destacándose la corrosión como el principal problema, generando desprendimiento del hormigón y riesgo de colapso. Si bien el hormigón tiene resistencia a la comprensión mayor a 30 MPa, este se encuentra comprometido por el proceso de carbonatación existente y los diferentes problemas encontrados. Es necesario que las entidades encargadas provean programas de inspección y mantenimiento de acuerdo a las características ambientales y estructurales de cada puente.
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