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Study of the pollution by surfactants in a river of a high Andean micro basin
Estudio de la contaminación por surfactantes en un río de una microcuenca alto andina
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v88n217.90795Palabras clave:
Conductivity, dissolved oxygen, high Andean micro basin, surfactants (en)Conductividad, microcuenca altoandina, oxígeno disuelto, surfactante. (es)
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The surfactants linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS), is used in large quantities in modern society, and wastewater containing it can contaminate groundwaters through runoff and sewers. The study aimed to determine the level of LAS in the Huatanay river; in Cusco city, Peru. Water samples were taken from nine points along the river, in the rainy and dry season in 2018. LAS surfactants were determined spectrometrically using methylene blue as indicator; dissolved oxygen (DO) and conductivity were also determined; both were correlated through Pearson coefficient at 5% significance, and analyzed in triplicate. The concentration of LAS in the dry season varied between 0.01 to 23.17 mg/L and in rains from 0.09 to 1.47 mg/L; the DO level shows values between 0.11 to 5.04 mg O2/L, and the conductivity varied from 777.7 to 2688.9 µS/cm. In conclusion, high levels of LAS considerably decrease the DO and increase the conductivity.
Los surfactantes lineales alquilbenceno sulfonato (LAS) se usa en grandes cantidades en la sociedad moderna, y las aguas residuales que lo contienen pueden contaminar las aguas subterráneas a través de la escorrentía y las alcantarillas. El estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar el nivel de LAS en el río Huatanay; en la ciudad del Cusco. Se tomaron muestras de agua de nueve puntos a lo largo del río, en temporada de lluvias y estiaje en el año 2017. Los surfactantes LAS se determinaron espectrométricamente utilizando azul de metileno como indicador; también se determinó el oxígeno disuelto (OD) y la conductividad; ambos se correlacionaron mediante el coeficiente de Pearson con significancia del 5%, y se analizaron por triplicado. La concentración de LAS en temporada de estiaje varió entre 0.01 a 23.17 mg/L y en lluvias de 0.09 a 1.47 mg/L; el nivel de OD muestra valores entre 0.11 a 5.04 mg O2/L, y la conductividad varío de 777.7 a 2688.9 µS/cm. En conclusión, los altos niveles de LAS disminuyen considerablemente el OD y aumentan la conductividad.
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