Publicado

2026-07-01

Progresismo sin contención: política de drogas, expansión criminal y límites estructurales del Gobierno Petro en Colombia

Progressivism without Containment: Drug Policy, Criminal Expansion, and the Structural Limits of the Petro Government in Colombia

Progressismo sem contenção: política de drogas, expansão criminal e limites estruturais do governo Petro na Colômbia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/frdcp.n30.126905

Palabras clave:

Política de drogas, Colombia, Gustavo Petro, Paz total, Movimiento progresista (es)
drug policy, Colombia, Gustavo Petro, Total peace, progressive governments (en)
política de drogas, Colombia, Gustavo Petro, Paz total, governos progressistas (pt)

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Autores/as

  • Williams-Gilberto Jimenez-Garcia Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Entre 2023 y 2025, el Gobierno de Petro mejoró los indicadores operativos del Estado: las incautaciones aumentaron y las afectaciones a la fuerza pública cayeron 33,7 %. En el mismo periodo, los cultivos de coca crecieron 51,1 %, los homicidios aumentaron 6,9 % y tres actores armados expandieron su presencia a 700 municipios. Con base en artículos académicos y fuentes oficiales, se documenta esa divergencia mediante dos mecanismos: el aumento de incautaciones combina una mejor cooperación internacional con el efecto globo de mayor oferta, y la caída en afectaciones coincide con el desmonte selectivo de operaciones militares en zonas de alta presencia criminal. La discusión muestra que la Paz Total careció de la condicionalidad institucional necesaria para traducir el diálogo en desarticulación. El artículo concluye que los límites de la política antidrogas progresista responden a la posición de Colombia en una cadena de valor transnacional cuya rentabilidad se decide fuera de su territorio.

Between 2023 and 2025, the Petro government improved the state's operational indicators: seizures increased and impacts on security forces fell by 33.7 %. Over the same period, coca cultivation grew by 51.1 %, homicides rose by 6.9 %, and three armed actors expanded their presence into 700 municipalities. Drawing on academic articles and official data sources, the article documents that divergence through two mechanisms: the rise in seizures combines improved international cooperation with the balloon effect of greater supply, and the drop in impacts on security forces coincides with the selective withdrawal of military operations in areas of high criminal presence. The discussion shows that Total Peace lacked the institutional conditionality needed to translate dialogue into disarmament. The article concludes that the limits of progressive drug policy stem from Colombia's position within a transnational value chain whose profitability is decided outside its territory.

Entre 2023 e 2025, o governo Petro melhorou os indicadores operacionais do Estado: as apreensões aumentaram e as vitimizações da força pública caíram 33,7%. No mesmo período, os cultivos de coca cresceram 51,1%, os homicídios aumentaram 6,9% e três atores armados expandiram sua presença para 700 municípios. Com base em artigos acadêmicos e fontes oficiais, o artigo documenta essa divergência por meio de dois mecanismos: o aumento das apreensões combina melhor cooperação internacional com o efeito balão de maior oferta, e a queda nas vitimizações coincide com o desmonte seletivo de operações militares em zonas de alta presença criminal. A discussão mostra que a Paz Total careceu da condicionalidade institucional necessária para traduzir o diálogo em desarticulação. O artigo conclui que os limites da política antidrogas progressista respondem à posição da Colômbia em uma cadeia de valor transnacional cuja rentabilidade é decidida fora de seu território.

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Cómo citar

Jimenez-Garcia, W.-G. (2026). Progresismo sin contención: política de drogas, expansión criminal y límites estructurales del Gobierno Petro en Colombia. Forum. Revista Departamento De Ciencia Política, 30. https://doi.org/10.15446/frdcp.n30.126905