La formación del Kurdistán y la seguridad societal. Un análisis del gobierno kurdo en el norte de Irak, los grupos minoritarios y la lucha contra el Estado Islámico
The Formation of the Kurdistan and Societal Security. An Analysis of the Kurdish Government in Northern Iraq, Minority Groups and the Fight against the Islamic State
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/frdcp.n13.69631Keywords:
Irak (Thesaurus), Kurdistán, seguridad societal, Estado Islámico, minorías (Autor) (es)Iraq (Thesaurus), Kurdistan, societal security, Islamic State, minorities (Author) (en)
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El presente artículo analiza cómo el surgimiento de un Kurdistán independiente representó una amenaza para la seguridad societal de los grupos minoritarios que habitan en el norte de Irak. Para lo cual, aborda el caso de la provincia de Nínive (Irak), en donde el Gobierno Regional del Kurdistán (GRK) implementó políticas de asimilación, cooptación e intimidación para garantizar el apoyo de las minorías a su proyecto independentista. Además, explora cómo la aparición del Estado Islámico fue un factor relevante para el aumento del poder kurdo en la región. Finalmente, se examinan algunos escenarios que enfrentan los kurdos tras el fin del autoproclamado califato. Se concluye que el proyecto de un Kurdistán independiente representa un escenario conflictivo e inestable tanto para los Estados de la región —que tienen una importante población kurda— como para los diferentes grupos societales, en especial, del norte de Irak.
The herein article discusses how the emergence of an independent Kurdistan represented a threat to the societal security of minority groups living in the Northern of Iraq. For this purpose, it deals with the case of the province of Nineveh, where the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) implemented policies of assimilation, co-option and intimidation to ensure the support of minorities to their independence project. In addition, it explores how the emergence of the Islamic State was an important factor for the increase of Kurdish power in the region. Finally, it examines some scenarios faced by Kurds since the end of the self-proclaimed Caliphate. It is concluded that the project of an independent Kurdistan represents a conflicting and unstable scenario for both the States in the region—which have a large Kurdish population—and the different societal groups, especially from northern Iraq.
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