PRODUCCIÓN Y CARACTERIZACIÓN DE ZEOLITA OBTENIDA A PARTIR DE CENIZA VOLANTE MEDIANTE DRX
PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ZEOLITE FROM FLY ASH BY XRD
Keywords:
DRX, Zeolita, cenizas volantes, cristalinidad (es)XRD, Zeolite, Fly Ash, crystallinity (en)
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En el presente trabajo se buscó sintetizar zeolita a partir de un residuo de la industria de la energía eléctrica (Cenizas volantes). Las zeolitas son materiales constituidos por óxidos de aluminio y silicio, altamente usados en la industria química como adsorbentes, soportes de catálisis, tamices moleculares, entre otros. Las relaciones Si/Al necesarias para la preparación de las zeolitas varían de acuerdo al material zeolitico que se quiere obtener, en este caso dicha relación permite la síntesis de zeolitas mediante tratamiento hidrotérmico usando como precursor para la cristalización NaOH. Se usan diferentes técnicas de caracterización de materiales para la determinación de la transformación del residuo a zeolita, siendo la más importante la difracción de rayos X (DRX) ya que permite determinar las fases cristalinas que se han obtenido. Los resultados muestran la otención de zeolita Na – P y Na – A, siendo esta última la de mayor interés debido a sus amplias aplicaciones industriales. Durante el proceso de síntesis de zeolita se han variado parámetros de reacción como: temperatura, tiempo de cristalización, concentración de NaOH y relación líquido sólido, esto con el fin de aumentar la concentración de zeolita Na – A.
By classical alkaline hydrothermal process, Zeolites were synthesized from fly ashes coming from a thermo electrical power plant. This process consisted on the reaction between the ash’s inorganic oxides (primarily aluminum and silicon oxides, which according to the characterization of the fly ash exceeded 80% of the sample) and NaOH in different concentrations in a batch reactor. Zeolites obtained were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, which determines the crystalline phases that have been obtained. The results show the formation of zeolite Na-P and Na-A, this last being of higher interest because of its wide industrial applications. Since the Si/Al ratio is a determining factor in the type of zeolite to obtain, during the synthesis process reaction parameters like temperature, digestion time, NaOH concentration and solid-liquid ratio have been varied, with the goal of increase the concentration of zeolite Na-A in the product.
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