ANÁLISIS DE LAS PROPIEDADES ÓPTICAS DE TiO2 ANATASE DOPADO CON N y F EN BASE A CÁLCULOS DE PRIMEROS PRINCIPIOS
ANALYSIS OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF TiO2 ANATASE DOPED WITH N AND F BASED ON FIRST PRINCIPLES CALCULATIONS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/mo.n58.72149Keywords:
Propiedades ópticas, teoría Funcional de la Densidad, FP-LAPW, coeficiente de absorción, Band gap. (es)Optical properties, density Functional Theory, FP-LAPW, absorption coefficient, Band gap. (en)
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El uso de TiO2 en la construcción de celdas solares tiene una severa limitación; su band gap amplio de aproximadamente 3.2 eV que solo le permite absorber radiación en la región ultravioleta (UV) λ<380 nm. Esto reduce gravemente la utilidad de la energía solar al 5 %. En la presente investigación se usó el potencial de Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) en el marco de la teoría funcional de la densidad (DFT) implementada en el código WIEN2k que usa las ondas planas aumentadas linearizadas (FP-LAPW) como aproximación de la base para los orbitales de Kohn-Sham, para calcular las propiedades ópticas y estructura electrónica de TiO2 dopado con N y/o F. Se ha observado que la fase anatasa de TiO2 dopada con F, N o el codopado F-N exhibe una disminución en el band gap hasta en un 17% para el dopado con N a una concentración de 10.4 %, y que esta reducción del gap está asociada a la mejor absorción en la zona visible del espectro de los sistemas estudiados. Los resultados indican que TiO2 anatasa dopado en distintas concentraciones puede aumentar la eficiencia de celdas fotovoltaicas y que este aumento en la eficiencia es proporcional a la concentración del elemento dopante para los sistemas monodopados. El codopado, que continuamente es reportado como mejor, en cuanto a la reducción del gap y la absorción de radiación, en comparación con el monodopado, no ha mostrado serlo en el sistema de codopado por sustitución con N y F.
The use of TiO2 in the construction of solar cells has a severe limitation: its wide band gap of approximately 3.2 eV that only allows it to absorb radiation in the ultraviolet (UV) region λ < 380 nm. This severely reduces the efficiency of solar energy to 5%. In the present investigation the exchange-correlation potential of Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) was used in the framework of the density functional theory (DFT) implemented in the WIEN2k code that uses the linearized augmented plane waves (FP-LAPW) as an approximation of the basis for the Kohn-Sham orbitals, to calculate the optical properties and electronic structure of TiO2 anatase doped with N and/or F. It has been observed that the phase anatase of TiO2 doped with F, N or the FN codoping exhibits a decrease in the band gap up to 17 % for doping with N at a concentration of 10.4 %, and that this reduction of the gap is associated with the best absorption in the visible area of the spectrum of the systems studied. The results indicate that TiO2 anatase doped in different concentrations can increase the efficiency of photovoltaic cells and that this increase in efficiency is proportional to the concentration of the doping element for monodopated systems. The codoped system, which is continuously reported as better, in terms of reduction of the gap and the absorption of radiation, compared with the monodoped systems, has not shown to be in the codoped system by substitution with N and F.
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