NANOESTRUCTURAS DE SILICIO EN BIOMEDICINA Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA
SILICON NANOSTRUCTURES IN BIOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/mo.n60.78272Keywords:
Nanoestructuras, biomedicina, biotecnología, silicio, nanomedicina (es)Nanostructures, biomedicine, biotechnology, silicon, nanomedicine (en)
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Actualmente ha crecido el interés por la fabricación y caracterización de nanoestructuras de silicio, entre las que se incluye nanohilos, pilares, tubos, conos, partículas, etc; existiendo diversos métodos para generar estas nanoestructuras entre los que se puede mencionar la ablación con láser, la descomposición por evaporación térmica, la deposición de vapor químico, entre otros. Las propiedades que exhiben estas estructuras las hacen atractivas para aplicaciones en biomedicina y biotecnología. Estos materiales representan herramientas con un potencial elevado para mejorar las técnicas de diagnóstico y tratamiento de condiciones biológicas especiales. Esta revisión bibliográfica pretende resumir algunos aspectos importantes del diseño fisicoquímico de estos nanomateriales, además de consideraciones toxicológicas de biocompatibilidad, biodistribución y la dinámica celular. Finalmente, se hace énfasis en algunas aplicaciones biomédicas importantes, especialmente en terapia génica, liberación controlada de fármacos, imagenología y biosensores.
Silicon nanostructures have properties that make them appealing for applications in biomedicine and biotechnology. The fabrication and characterization of silicon nanostructures are currently gaining a lot of attention and they can include nano-wires, whiskers, pillars, tubes, cones, particles, etc. There are several methods to assist the generation of these nanostructures like laser ablation, thermal evaporation decomposition, and chemical vapor deposition, among others. We consider they are highly potential tools for the improving of diagnosis techniques and the treatment of important biological conditions. The objective of this review is to summarize the main aspects of the physicochemical design of silicon nanomaterials, in addition to toxicological considerations regarding biocompatibility, biodistribution and cell dynamics. Finally, we emphasis on important biomedical applications, such as gene therapy, drug delivery, imaging and sensoring.
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1. Ernesto Cerna-Chávez, Antonio Orozco-Plancarte, Yisa María Ochoa-Fuentes, Jeronimo Landeros-Flores, Diana Jasso de Rodriguez, Anselmo Hernández Pérez. (2024). Efectividad in vitro de nanopartículas de dióxido de silicio y grafeno combinadas con extractos de Bacillus amyloliquefaciens contra hongos fitopatógenos. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas, 15(8), p.e3140. https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v15i8.3140.
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