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Language Development as a Mediator Between Child Maltreatment and Internalizing and Externalizing Behavior in Colombian Children and Adolescents
El desarrollo del lenguaje como mediador entre el maltrato infantil y los comportamientos internalizantes y externalizantes en niños y adolescentes colombianos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/rcp.v34n2.114470Keywords:
Child maltreatment, language development, internalizing behaviors, mediation analysis, Child Protective Services, process macro (en)Maltrato infantil, desarrollo del lenguaje, conductas internalizantes, análisis de mediación, servicios de protección infantil, PROCESS macro (es)
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Background: The developmental consequences of child maltreatment (CM) remain poorly understood, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Objective: To examine whether language development mediates the relationship between CM and internalizing and externalizing behaviors. Participants and setting: 84 Colombian children and adolescents aged 5–14 (M = 9.67, SD = 2.18); 50% with a history of CM and 50% without, recruited from a child protection institution and the community, respectively. Methods: A cross-sectional, quasi-experimental design with two independent groups was used. Participants completed the Child Neuropsychological Assessment Battery (ENI-2) and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Mediation was tested using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and logistic regression. Results: CM was significantly associated with internalizing behavior through language development (effect = 2.1243; 95% CI [0.3184, 4.5415]; effect size = 0.473), but not directly. Conclusions: Language development accounts for 47.3% of the relationship between CM and internalizing behavior. Early interventions in this domain may help prevent such issues in affected children.
Antecedentes: Se desconoce en gran medida cómo el maltrato infantil (CM) afecta el desarrollo infantil, especialmente en países de ingresos bajos y medios. Objetivo: Analizar si el desarrollo del lenguaje media la relación entre el CM y los comportamientos internalizantes y externalizantes. Participantes y contexto: 84 niños, niñas y adolescentes colombianos entre 5 y 14 años (M = 9.67, SD = 2.18); 50% con historial de CM y 50% sin este, reclutados en una institución de protección y en la comunidad, respectivamente. Métodos: Estudio cuasi-experimental, transversal, con dos grupos. Se aplicaron dos instrumentos de evaluación: Child Neuropsychological Assessment Battery (ENI-2) y Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Se realizó un análisis de mediación con regresión de Mínimos Cuadrados Ordinarios (OLS) y logística. Resultados: El CM se asoció con comportamientos internalizantes mediante el desarrollo del lenguaje (efecto = 2.1243; CI [0.3184, 4.5415]; tamaño del efecto = 0.473), pero no de forma directa. Conclusiones: El desarrollo del lenguaje explica el 47.3% de la relación entre CM y comportamientos internalizantes. Intervenciones tempranas podrían prevenir estos problemas.
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